Patients and methods
This large cohort study was carried out in 2018 by 231 urologists and 30 under-training residents, on a group of 37,165 outpatients (men) with LUTS, pharmacologically treated for at least two weeks. Patients agreement to participate in the survey was the only additional inclusion criteria for eligible outpatients. Inability to obtain answers to questions in the questionnaire was the only exclusion criterion. The survey did not meet the criterion of a medical experiment and did not require an approval of the Bioethical Committee. The study organizer (Europharma Rachtan Co. Ltd.) processed only anonymized patients’ data.