3.3 TOT increases the loop-enclosed area
To investigate the potential impact of TOT on the thermodynamic efficacy
of bladder voiding, we compared and contrasted the area enclosed by the
trajectory in the PVA (Apv) measured pre- and post-operatively for it
represents the work performed by the bladder in a voiding
cycle.18
Derived from the pressure-flow data measured before (Figure 3A PRE) and
after (Figure 3B POST) a TOT operation, the illustrative loops in the
PVA demonstrated while TOT failed to markedly shift the left, the lower,
or the right boundary, it obviously elevated the upper border of the
loop post-operatively that resulted in an increased Apv compared to the
pre-operative control (Figure 3C and D). Inspecting individual Apv
change in each patient revealed TOT increased Apv in most patients (20
out of 26, 77%; Figure 3E); and the TOT-associated Apv increment was
confirmed by the summarized data showing the mean value of Apv was
significantly increased after operation compared to the pre-operative
control (Figure 3F).