3.3 LA structure and function parameters
The diameter and volumes of the LA, including LAVImax, LA VpreA, and LA EV by 2D- and 3D echocardiographic data were found to be higher in the ESRD group(p<0.001). In addition, LAEF of ESRD patients was within in the normal range, but still lower than the heathy controls. Left atrial strain parameters, including longitudinal and circumferential strain values through the 4D-LAQ were observed to be lower in the ESRD group. Compared to the control group, the decrease of longitudinal strain values occurred in triphasic functions of the LA, whereas the decrease of the circumferential strain occurred in the reservoir and conduit phase. (Table 3)