References
  1. Maris JM, Hogarty MD, Bagatell R, Cohn SL. Neuroblastoma. Lancet. 2007;369:2106-20.
  2. Pochedly C. The broad clinical spectrum of neuroblastoma. Postgrad Med. 1972;51(4):79-85.
  3. Brodeur G HM, Bagatell R, et al. Neuroblastoma. In: Pizzo P, Poplack D, eds. Principles and practice of pediatric oncology. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2016.
  4. Cohn SL, Pearson AD, London WB, et al. The International Neuroblastoma Risk Group (INRG) classification system: an INRG Task Force report. J Clin Oncol. 2009;27:289-97.
  5. Pinto NR, Applebaum MA, et al. Advances in Risk Classification and Treatment Strategies for Neuroblastoma. J Clin Oncol. 2015;33:3008-17.
  6. Iwahara T, Fujimoto J, et al. Molecular characterization of ALK, a receptor tyrosine kinase expressed specifically in the nervous system. Oncogene. 1997;14:439-49.
  7. Osajima-Hakomori Y, Miyake I, Ohira M, Nakagawara A, Nakagawa A, Sakai R. Biological role of anaplastic lymphoma kinase in neuroblastoma. Am J Pathol. 2005;167:213-22.
  8. Mossé YP, Laudenslager M, Longo L, et al. Identification of ALK as a major familial neuroblastoma predisposition gene. Nature 2008; 455: 930-5.
  9. Irwin MS, Naranjo A, Zhang FF, et al. Revised Neuroblastoma Risk Classification System: A Report From the Children’s Oncology Group. J Clin Oncol. 2021;39:3229-3241.
  10. Trigg RM, Turner SD. ALK in Neuroblastoma: Biological and Therapeutic Implications. Cancers (Basel). 2018;10:113.
  11. Lee JW, Park SH, et al. ALK Protein Expression Is Related to Neuroblastoma Aggressiveness But Is Not Independent Prognostic Factor. Cancer Res Treat. 2018;50:495-505.
  12. Duijkers FAM, Gaal J, et al. High anaplastic lymphoma kinase immunohistochemical staining in neuroblastoma and ganglioneuroblastoma is an independent predictor of poor outcome. The American journal of pathology. 2012;180:1223-31.
  13. Kim EK, Kim S. ALK Gene Copy Number Gain and Immunohistochemical Expression Status Using Three Antibodies in Neuroblastoma. Pediatr Dev Pathol. 2017;20:133-41.
  14. Chang HH, Lu MY, et al. The prognostic roles of and correlation between ALK and MYCN protein expression in neuroblastoma. Journal of clinical pathology. 2020;73:154-61.
  15. Bhardwaj N, Rohilla M, Trehan A, Bansal D, Kakkar N, Srinivasan R. MYCN amplification and International Neuroblastoma Risk Group stratification on fine-needle aspiration biopsy and their correlation to survival in neuroblastoma. J Clin Pathol. 2022:jclinpath-2022-208177. doi: 10.1136/jclinpath-2022-208177. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35414524..
  16. Koshy A, Jain R, Srinivasan R, et al. Cytopathological spectrum of peripheral neuroblastic tumours in fine needle aspiration cytology and categorisation as per International Neuroblastoma Pathology Classification. Cytopathology. 2019 Nov;30:634-643.
  17. Bhardwaj N, Rohilla M, Trehan A, Bansal D, Kakkar N, Srinivasan R. Mitosis-Karyorrhexis Index evaluation by digital image visual analysis for application of International Neuroblastoma Pathology Classification in FNA biopsy. Cancer Cytopathol. 2022;130:128-135.
  18. Tolbert VP, Matthay KK. Neuroblastoma: clinical and biological approach to risk stratification and treatment. Cell Tissue Res. 2018;372:195-209.
  19. Carpenter EL, Mossé YP. Targeting ALK in neuroblastoma–preclinical and clinical advancements. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2012 May 15;9:391-9.
  20. Janoueix-Lerosey I, Lopez-Delisle L, Delattre O, Rohrer H. The ALK receptor in sympathetic neuron development and neuroblastoma. Cell Tissue Res. 2018;372:325-337.
  21. Bresler SC, Weiser DA, Huwe PJ, et al. ALK mutations confer differential oncogenic activation and sensitivity to ALK inhibition therapy in neuroblastoma. Cancer Cell. 2014;26:682-694.
  22. Trigg RM, Turner SD. ALK in Neuroblastoma: Biological and Therapeutic Implications. Cancers (Basel). 2018 Apr 10;10:113.
  23. Kanagal-Shamanna R, Portier BP, Singh RR, et al. Next-generation sequencing-based multi-gene mutation profiling of solid tumors using fine needle aspiration samples: promises and challenges for routine clinical diagnostics. Mod Pathol. 2014;27:314-327.
  24. Chen Y, Takita J, Choi YL, et al. Oncogenic mutations of ALK kinase in neuroblastoma. Nature. 2008;455(7215):971-974.
  25. De Brouwer S, De Preter K, et al. Metaanalysis of neuroblastomas reveals a skewed ALK mutation spectrum in tumors with MYCN amplification. Clin Cancer Res. 2010;16:4353-62.
  26. Kramer M, Ribeiro D, Arsenian-Henriksson M, Deller T, Rohrer H. Proliferation and Survival of Embryonic Sympathetic Neuroblasts by MYCN and Activated ALK Signaling. J Neurosci. 2016;36:10425-10439.
  27. Berry T, Luther W, Bhatnagar N, et al. The ALK(F1174L) mutation potentiates the oncogenic activity of MYCN in neuroblastoma. Cancer Cell. 2012;22:117-130.
  28. Sokol E, Desai AV, et al. Age, Diagnostic Category, Tumor Grade, and Mitosis-Karyorrhexis Index Are Independently Prognostic in Neuroblastoma: An INRG Project. J Clin Oncol. 2020;38:1906-18.
  29. Ramos Elbal E, Galera Miñarro AM, et al. Neuroblastoma: validation of the INRG classification system in a small series. Clin Transl Oncol. 2019;21:1776-1780.
  30. Weiser D, Laudenslager M, et al. Stratification of patients with neuroblastoma for targeted ALK inhibitor therapy. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2011;29
  31. Pirozzi CJ, Yan H. The implications of IDH mutations for cancer development and therapy. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2021;18(10):645-661.
  32. Esposito MR, Aveic S, Seydel A, Tonini GP. Neuroblastoma treatment in the post-genomic era. J Biomed Sci. 2017 Feb 8;24(1):14
  33. Pacenta HL, Macy ME. Entrectinib and other ALK/TRK inhibitors for the treatment of neuroblastoma. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2018 Oct 23;12:3549-3561.