Study limitations
Our study had several limitations. First, this study was a single-center, retrospective analysis, and the study sample size was relatively small. A larger volume study might be needed to verify the present results. Second, the first generation VGLA (HeartLight, CardioFocus, MA, USA) was used in present study. The third generation VGLA (HeartLight X3, CardioFocus, MA, USA), which enables a single-sweep PVI with very short procedure times23), might be more effective for the LCPV isolation.