BMI = body mass index; LA = left atrium; LCPV = left common pulmonary vein; HR = hazard ratio; CI = confidence interval.

Figure 1. An example of a voltage map of the left atrium and pulmonary veins before and after the PVI (purple area; a voltage of more than 0.5 mV, gray area; a voltage of less than 0.1 mV). The distance between the LCPV ostium and bifurcation was 18mm. The LCPV was successfully isolated with an LB inserted into the LCPV superior branch.

PVI = pulmonary vein isolation; LCPV = left common pulmonary vein; LB = laser balloon.

Figure 2. Long-term freedom from atrial tachyarrhythmia recurrence after an initial VGLA guided PVI.

VGLA = visually guided laser ablation; PVI = pulmonary vein isolation.