Mapping pre-ablation, post-ablation, and post-injection
In 4 ex vivo perfused beating canine hearts, a detailed EAM was
obtained of the epicardial lateral left ventricle during sinus rhythm at
baseline, following ablation, and again following injection of the
conductive hydrogel (Figure 3 ). In all 4 animals (100%), we were
able to show a disruption of homogeneous baseline conduction by
ablation. Following injection of conductive hydrogel, a bridge of
improved conduction was demonstrated across the ablated region in all 4
animals (100%).
By placing the mapping catheter on the same site of the muscle in 1
animal, we were able to demonstrate a double potential indicative of
far-field and near-field bipolar activation at baseline likely
suggestive of endocardial to epicardial activation. Local activation was
supported by the steepest negative deflection in the unipolar signal.
Far-field and near-field activation appeared to separate with a small
isoelectric interval following ablation. Following CNT hydrogel
injection, the bipolar signals reapproximated and appeared similar to
baseline (Figure 4 ).