Pre-Labor Cesarean N = 6551 Attempted vaginal birth N = 26204
p-value*
% (n) % (n)
Age at admission <0.001
<20 8.4 (88) 91.6 (960)
20-34 17.8 (4371) 82.2 (20233)
35-39 28.3 (1664) 71.7 (4209)
≥40 35.0 (425) 65.0 (790)
Missing or implausible value 0.05 (3) 0.05 (12)
Race and ethnicity <0.001
White, non-Hispanic
20.4 (3433)
79.6 (13415)
African American, non-Hispanic
23.0 (437)
77.0 (1461)
Hispanic
17.8 (985)
82.2 (4567)
Asian or Pacific Islander
20.9 (1282)
79.1 (4851)
American Indian or Alaska Native
18.7 (79)
81.3 (344)
Other
18.5 (213)
81.5 (940)
Missing 1.9 (122) 2.4 (626)
Body mass index (BMI)
<25 kg/m2
14.7 (498)
85.3 (2888)
<0.001
25-29 kg/m2
17.0 (1941)
83.0 (9456)
30-34 kg/m2
19.9 (1833)
80.1 (7356)
>35 kg/m2 26.4 (2140) 73.6 (5972)
Missing/improbable value 20.7 (139) 79.3 (532)
Parity <0.001
Nulliparous 10.4 (1360) 89.6 (11694)
Multiparous 26.3 (5191) 73.7 (14510)
Pre-pregnancy diabetes <0.001
Yes 39.9 (267) 60.1 (403)
No 19.6 (6284) 80.4 (25801)
Pre-pregnancy hypertension <0.001
Yes 35.6 (385) 64.4 (696)
No 19.5 (6166) 80.5 (25508)
Gestational diabetes <0.001
Yes 25.5 (828) 74.5 (2420)
No 19.4 (5723) 80.6 (23784)
Pre-eclampsia / gest hypertension <0.001
Yes 22.6 (707) 77.4 (2421)
No 19.7 (5844) 80.3 (23783)
Fetal anomaly <0.001
Yes 29.1 (209) 70.9 (509)
No 19.8 (6342) 80.2 (25695)
History of stillbirth <0.001
Yes 32.1 (134) 67.9 (283)
No 19.8 (6417) 80.2 (25921)
Level of neonatal care <0.001
I 17.9 (477) 82.1 (2191)
II 17.5 (1177) 82.5 (5541)
III-IV 21.0 (4897) 79.0 (18472)