CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, in our series, a planned valve-in-valve TAVR in patients
with aortic insufficiency, although not commonly used, is a reasonable
option for patients who are unable to undergo an operative surgical
aortic valve replacement. As the use of LVAD increases, symptomatic
aortic insufficiency in this group of high-risk patients will become an
increasingly common challenge. Further studies are needed to evaluate
the efficacy of TAVR and VIV TAVR for the treatment of native or LVAD
associated aortic insufficiency.