Superior mediastinal syndrome secondary to an anterior mediastinal mass
can be seen in acute lymphoblastic leukemia of T-cell lineage. We report
a 3 years old child with B-cell ALL, who presented with superior
mediastinal syndrome. The CT scan chest showed a huge anterior
mediastinal mass and the peripheral blood immunophenotying showed B-cell
acute lymphoblastic leukemia. High-risk remission induction chemotherapy
was given and he achieved remission by the end of induction therapy,
both in terms of medullary and extramedullary disease. This is the first
reported case of a pediatric B-cell ALL presenting with the superior
mediastinal syndrome.