Statistical Analysis
Data analyses were examined by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), Version 20.0 for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). The variables were investigated using visual (histograms, probability plots) and analytical methods (Kolmogorov-Simirnov test) whether or not they were normally distributed. Normally distributed variables were shown by using means and standard deviations, and non-normaly distributed variables were shown by using median and range (maximum and minimum). The chi-square test was used to analyze of categorical variables. Correlations of parameters were studied using Pearson or Spearman correlations. Multiple groups were compared using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a post-hoc Bonferroni correction and Kruskal-Wallis test for the normally and non-normally distributed variables, respectively. The indepenĀ­dent variables for duration of hospital stay were investigated by using stepwise multiple linear regression analysis. P values <0.05 were considered statistically significant.