1 Introduction

Marijuana is the second most widely and illegally abused drug substance smoked across the globe after tobacco, mainly due to the psychoactive effects ingredient induced by Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (∆-9-THC) indicated as 1 in Fig. 1, obtained from dried leave stems, seeds and flowers of the cannabis sativa hemp plant.1 The complexity of cannabis plant is defined by the presence of various compounds that induce psychoactive effects on individuals who consume it. Currently, over 500 chemical compounds have been identified in marijuana with over 60 cannabinoids which generate more than 2000 compounds in marijuana smoke through a series of pyrolysis reactions.1, 2 With an exception of the main psychoactive alkaloid in cannabis, other cannabinoids such as cannabidiol (CBD) delta-8-tetracannabinol (d-8-THC) and cannabinol, designated as 2, 3 and 4 in Fig. 1, contribute to its pharmacological effects3. THC introduction to users biosystem induces a number of effects characterized by the alterations in memory, movement, mood, perception and cognition, and in some cases increased dopamine release that ultimately produce euphoric sensations and anxiolytic effects.4 CBD forms almost 40% of the cannabis extracts from the Cannabis sativa plant and is mainly found in seeds, stalks and flowers of marijuana offering antipsychotic and alerting properties when consumed, and this forms the basis for pharmaco-therapies5.