Gene set enrichment analysis
GSEA is implemented using developed Java software, and uses default parameters by comparing high-risk (above the median) and low-risk groups (below the median). We used GSEA_4.0.1 to identify the enriched KEGG pathway of model genes in TCGA-COAD and GSE40976. The representative enrichment pathway is plotted using the ”ggplot2” software package of the R language.