Study population
A total of 947 patients were enrolled in the EAT-On study. Each child’s PA status was determined as shown in Supplementary Appendix Figure 1. One child was excluded as they were on peanut oral immunotherapy at the 7-11y time point and 2 children with likely persistent PA had a telephone visit only, so no blood samples were collected. Therefore, 48 children fit the criteria for the sub-group analysis (Supplementary Appendix Figure 2).
The prevalence rate of PA in the EAT-On cohort at 7-11y was 2.1% (20/947) which is similar to the EAT end of study prevalence rate of 1.9% (22/1189). For the children who had clinical assessments during the EAT and EAT-On studies, the rate of PA resolution was 5.5% (1/18). If we were to include the 2 children who only had a telephone visit with confirmed PA by parental report during EAT-On and the 2 children who were PA during EAT but did not return for EAT-On but assume they were still PA, the rate of resolution would be 4.5% (1/22).
The initial analysis compared the PA (n=20) and PS (28) groups. Eighteen children who were PA at 36m were still allergic at 7-11y (persistent PA), 2 were not PA at 36m but PA at 7-11y (new PA), 1 was PA at 36m but no longer allergic at 7-11y (outgrown PA), and 27 were peanut sensitised at 36m but never allergic at any time point (NA).
The PA group were significantly more likely to have asthma at 7-11y old compared to the PS group (45% vs 17.9%, p<0.05) – Supplementary Appendix Table S3. There were no significant differences between age, sex, ethnicity, history of eczema, eczema at 7-11y or rhinitis at 7-11y.