Parameter Control soil Sewage sludge 1% Sewage sludge 3% Sewage sludge 5% Poultry manure 1% Poultry manure 3% Poultry manure 5%
Exchangeable cations Exchangeable cations Exchangeable cations Exchangeable cations Exchangeable cations Exchangeable cations Exchangeable cations
NH4 (cmolc/kg) 0.03e 0.2d 0.6c 1.2a 0.2d 0.5c 0.9b
Na (cmolc/kg) 0.6c 0.6c 0.7bc 0.7bc 0.7bc 0.9ab 1.1a
K (cmolc/kg) 1.7c 1.8c 2.1ab 2.1ab 1.9bc 2.1ab 2.2a
Ca (cmolc/kg) 8.3f 8.7e 9.4c 10.2a 8.6e 9.1d 9.6b
Mg (cmolc/kg) 2.6d 2.7cd 2.9b 3.1a 2.7cd 2.8bc 2.9b
Soil solution Soil solution Soil solution Soil solution Soil solution Soil solution Soil solution
pH 7.42b 7.45b 7.40bc 7.30c 7.46b 7.58a 7.65a
EC (dS/m) 1.19g 1.67f 2.10e 3.15c 2.45d 3.94b 5.65a
NH4 (mM) 0.02e 0.41c 0.78b 0.95a 0.06e 0.17d 0.18d
NO3 (mM) 0.07d 0.19c 0.42b 0.83a 0.15c 0.22c 0.36b
Na (mM) 2.45f 2.75ef 2.90de 3.15cd 3.45c 5.30b 8.10a
K (mM) 2.67f 3.05ef 3.40de 3.70d 4.90c 8.20b 12.40a
Ca (mM) 7.80f 10.90e 13.10d 15.20c 13.00d 16.60b 21.70a
Mg (mM) 3.20f 4.70e 7.20c 10.40a 5.40d 6.80c 9.50b