Conclusions
Food allergy is a challenge inherent in our civilization that may develop in different phenotypes such as Th2-high (IgE-dependent), Th2-low, IgE-independent, and immune system-independent phenotypes and by distinct pathogenic mechanisms and routes of sensitization. The airway route is described [14; 20; 25] but underestimated. Food allergens penetrate the body through the unified airway route, get into the nasal and lung submucosae, where the immune system responds to these allergens, and then established memory cells and IgE antibodies come via the bloodstream to the gastrointestinal tract [20]. According to the current literature sources, food allergy and non-enteric atopic diseases like allergic rhinitis and asthma often coexist in the context beyond the presence of simple comorbidity [44].