Figure 4.(a)-(d) Two- and (e)-(h) three-dimensional topographic atomic force microscopy images of the metal–organic framework-containing membranes in this study. Here TFN-(Zr)-1 and TFN-(Zr)-2 denote thin-film nanocomposite membranes with UiO-66(Zr)-NH2 loadings of 0.01% and 0.03% (w/v) in 50 mL of n-hexane solution, respectively, and TFN-(Zr/Ti)-1 and TFN-(Zr/Ti)-2 denote thin-film nanocomposite membranes with UiO-66(Zr/Ti)-NH2 loadings of 0.01% and 0.03% (w/v) in 50 mL of n-hexane solution, respectively.
Table 1. Mean (Ra) and root mean square (Rq) roughness values of the membranes in this study. Here TFC denotes thin-film composite membrane, TFN-(Zr)-1 and TFN-(Zr)-2 denote thin-film nanocomposite membranes with UiO-66(Zr)-NH2 loadings of 0.01% and 0.03% (w/v) in 50 mL of n-hexane solution, respectively, and TFN-(Zr/Ti)-1 and TFN-(Zr/Ti)-2 denote thin-film nanocomposite membranes with UiO-66(Zr/Ti)-NH2 loadings of 0.01% and 0.03% (w/v) in 50 mL of n-hexane solution, respectively.