Internal consistency reliability
The internal consistency reliability was evaluated based on different tests. Cronbach’s α ,27 McDonald’s ωhierarchical, and McDonald’s ω total were used.28 All of these tests range from 0 to 1. The higher the value is, the higher the reliability. Two types of item analysis were used, that is, (1) the relevance within-item and (2) the correlation between item-to-total, to analyse the homogeneity of the research tool. Finally, the correlation between the subscale and the total scale was analysed. Cronbach’s α coefficient was used to measure the internal consistency reliability between the Chinese version of the PaArticular Scales and its subscales.