Early outcomes (Table 4)
The follow-up rate was 97.8% (87/89 patients). The median follow-up duration was 2.6 ± 2.2 years (range, 1 month to 9.9 years). There was only 1 in-hospital death overall (SITA case). There were 4 cases of re-thoracotomy for postoperative bleeding, 4 cases of prolonged ventilation, 2 cases of postoperative stroke, 4 cases of DSWI, and 3 cases of fatal arrhythmia (ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia), with no significant difference between the two groups.