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\begin{document}

\title{Phylogenetic analysis of first Bangladeshi SARS-CoV-2 strain isolated in
Bangladesh understanding the possible origin and novel mutations}



\author[1]{Otun Saha}%
\author[1]{Md Miraj Kobad  Chowdhury}%
\author[2]{Md. Shahadat  Hossain}%
\author[2]{Afroza Sultana}%
\author[1,3]{Md. Mizanur Rahaman}%
\affil[1]{Dhaka University}%
\affil[2]{Noakhali Science and Technology University}%
\affil[3]{University of Dhaka}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{May 08, 2024}


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\selectlanguage{english}
\begin{abstract}
Severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative
agent of the ongoing pandemic of COVID-19 has already marched across 210
countries globally. This novel coronavirus is highly infectious and left
us with no available cure and only with containment option. To
understand the molecular epidemiology and vaccine design, genetic
sequences from different regions are published and analyzed. Here, the
first published whole genome sequence of Bangladesh was compared with
Asian countries as well as representative strains from across the globe.
Phylogenetic analysis of the first Bangladeshi genome, that was
published on May 12, 2020 revealed at least 9 Single nucleotide
polymorphisms from the Wuhan, China strains and 2 of these mutations are
novel compared to the strains analyzed. Among the novel mutations
nucleotide 1163 mutation is very novel when compared with all the
genomes deposited at Global Initiative on Sharing Avian Influenza Data
(GISAID). However, the other mutation at nucleotide 17019, mutation
NSP13 E261D is occurred second time after a strain from Austrian patient
showed the similar mutation. Structure and screening results of both
novel mutation were discussed in detail. Further analysis of these
identified novel mutations will boost the understanding of the behavior
of SARS-CoV-2 in this region and vaccination and drug development
programs would be beneficial.%
\end{abstract}%



\sloppy


\textbf{Introduction}

A disease with a cluster of pneumonia like symptoms arose in Wuhan City,
China back in December, 2019 and broke out across the whole world later
on. World Health Organization (WHO) recognized a new coronavirus strain
behind that disease and designated the virus as 2019 novel coronavirus
(nCoV-2019) {[}1, 2{]}. Known as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS
CoV-2), this novel coronavirus actually roots back to the viral family
of \emph{Coronaviridae} and order of \emph{Nidoviralae} as phylogenetic
analysis suggests {[}3{]}. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was
announced as a pandemic by WHO {[}4{]} as it has currently affected
almost all the countries and territories on earth. As of
13\textsuperscript{th} May at 16.28 GMT, over 2.4 million people are
currently infected and over 295,000 have fallen to death due to the
pandemic (https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/). Asian territory
is suffering much as some 718,000 cases are on the notice at the moment
and about 24,000 are dead (https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/).
To understand further epidemiology of the outbreak in Asian countries
especially highly densely populated South Asian regions, analysis of the
genome sequencing of the viral strains from this region is very
important. So far, almost 1400 whole genome sequencing data have been
published from Asian regions and among South Asian countries
(https://www.gisaid.org/), India, Pakistan, Sri-Lanka have already
published their genome sequences, while Bangladesh has just published
its genome sequencing data for the first time. In order to understand
the molecular epidemiology of the outbreak and suitability to design
universal vaccine, we analyzed the sequences of SARS-CoV-2 genome
derived from Bangladeshi sample comparing with other available genomes
deposited at Global Initiative on Sharing Avian Influenza Data (GISAID).

\textbf{Materials and Methods}

The Global Initiative on Sharing Avian Influenza Data (GISAID) was
founded in 2006, and, since 2010, has been hosted by the German Federal
Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection. GISAID has also
become a coronavirus repository since December 2019. As of 13 May 2020,
the cutoff point for our phylogenetic analysis, the GISAID database
(https://www.gisaid.org/) had compiled 16,667 coronavirus full genomes,
isolated from humans, Chinese pangolins, and bat\emph{Rhinolophus
affinis} . Among the all deposited genome sequences 1485 from all Asian
countries. Although SARS-CoV-2 is an RNA virus, the deposited sequences,
by convention, are in DNA format. We discarded partial sequences, and
used only the most complete genomes that we aligned to the full
reference genome (NC\_045512.2) by Wu et al. (2020) {[}5{]} comprising
29,903 nucleotides which was retried from NCBI
(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore). Finally, to ensure
comparability, we truncated the flanks of all sequences to the consensus
range 56 to 29,797, with nucleotide position numbering according to the
Wuhan 1 reference sequence {[}5{]}. To analyze the obtained
1\textsuperscript{st} Bangladeshi SARS-CoV-2 genome derived from the
infected female patients aged 22 (GISAID accession ID: EPI\_ISL\_437912)
which was submitted by Child Health Research Lab, Bangladesh in a
phylogenetic context, a dataset of 32 available SARS-Cov-2 complete
genomes from different Asian countries followed by few other continent
countries was retrieved from GISAID (https://www.gisaid.org/, last
access 12 May 2020). At least one sequence from all Asian countries who
has submitted SARS-Cov-2 genome in the GISAID database was taken to
reveal the draft scenario of the circulating SARS-CoV-2 strain in this
Asia zone in comparison of newly revealed Genome from Bangladesh.
Sequence alignment was performed using Multiple Sequence Comparison by
Log- Expectation (MUSCLE) software (http://www.clustal.org){[}6{]}.
Estimation of the best fitting substitution model (Hasegawa, Kishino,
and Yano, HKY model) and inference of the phylogenetic tree were
conducted by a neighbor-joining approach using Molecular Evolutionary
Genetics Analysis across Computing Platforms (MEGA 7;
https://www.megasoftware.net/) {[}7{]}. Support for the tree topology
was estimated with 1,000 bootstrap replicates. Using an alignment, the
single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) composition and the potentially
resulting variable amino-acids in derived protein sequences compared
with the Wuhan reference sequences (NC\_045512), were further
investigated with six other genome sequences (EPI\_ISL\_430111,
EPI\_ISL\_437762, EPI\_ISL\_412974, EPI\_ISL\_417444, EPI\_ISL\_427813,
EPI\_ISL\_437438) that clustered or non-clustered from Asia and Europe
with the sequence of the patient in Bangladesh. For mutation type
analysis MEGA7 and Datamonkey.org web server was used {[}8{]}. For
analysis of the novel mutation NCBI Blast was used
(https://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi). Protein structures were
predicted using Phyre2 (Protein homology/analogy recognition engine
v2.0) {[}9{]} and I-TASSER (Iterative threading assembly refinement)
{[}10{]}. Templates with the highest confidence were used to generate
the model in each case. For Phyre2, intense model was used. Generated
PDB files were analysed and aligned using PyMOL v2.3.2. Images were
processed in adobe illustrator vCS6. Secondary structures were predicted
using PSIPRED included in Phyre2.

\textbf{Results}

\textbf{Phylogenetic analysis}

The neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree in the~Figure 1~shows a main
clade containing 5 clusters. The viral genome sequence of the female 22
year aged Bangladeshi patients (GISAID accession ID: EPI\_ISL\_437912)
was closely related to that of another 4 genome sample taken from the
four different Asian countries (GISAID accession ID: EPI\_ISL\_430111;
EPI\_ISL\_438966; EPI\_ISL\_425214; EPI\_ISL\_422227). These five genome
sequences were located in a cluster A.1 with genomes mainly from Asia
(Russia, Japan, Kuwait), but also one from Spain (Figure, highlighted in
blue). In cluster A, six other six genomes mainly from Asian countries
like Saudi Arabia (EPI\_ISL\_437762), Israel (EPI\_ISL\_435292), Turkey
(EPI\_ISL\_437335), Myanmar (EPI\_ISL\_434709) and one from United
Kingdom (GISAID accession ID: EPI\_ISL\_442502). Based on these
comparisons, it can be predicted that the circulating Bangladeshi
SARS-CoV-2 isolate published has phylogenetic relevance to some of the
Asian countries as well as Spain. In the tree, some sequences from other
SARS-CoV-2 collected in Asian countries segregated in separate clusters
from the one cluster containing the respective Bangladeshi sequences
characterized in this study. There was for example a cluster B formed by
8 sequences dominated by all Asian countries (Cambodia, Nepal, Malaysia,
Pakistan, and Indonesia) except one from USA. This cluster B also
contain the reference sequence from Wuhan, china (NC\_045512.2). Cluster
C contain 6 genome sequences followed by Cluster D (2 genome sequences).
The two sequences (EPI\_ISL\_438138 and EPI\_ISL\_437438) retrieved from
the neighboring country of Bangladesh, India, which covers almost all
the direction except south (Bay of Bengal is in south) are in the
cluster E (Figure 1).

\textbf{Analysis of SNPs}

The genome-wide SNPs are reported in~Table 1~(positions referred respect
to the reference sequence; GenBank accession number: NC\_045512.2). The
corresponding amino-acid positions and variations inside the proteins
are shown in~Table 2. The genome sequence from the Bangladesh differed
in nine nucleotide positions from that of the COVID-19 patient in Wuhan
(NC\_045512.2), while with the genome sequence isolated from the Indian
patient showed 15 nucleotide variations followed by Italian patient 11
nucleotide variations (Table 1). Among all of the 11 nt mutation 2
mutation at position 1162 and 17019 reveled the novel mutation in
comparison of the all submitted sequences in the NCBI database (Figure
2). Table 2~that depicts overall five Nonsynonymous mutations that was
observed compared to the reference Wuhan sequence. The sequence of the
Bangladeshi female patient (EPI\_ISL\_437912) presented a mutation 388F
with respect to the reference Wuhan genome (L) (Table 3). In addition,
this EPI\_ISL\_437912 also presented EP mutation 4803L, 5673D, 6508G,
9627K and 9628R with respect to the reference Wuhan genome P,E, D, R,G
respectively with 2 amino acid changes (Figure 2 \& Table 3). In
comparison with the most close neighboring country India sequences,
EPI\_ISL\_437912 presented 11 mutation at 388F,607G,2104T,3694L,4808L,
5673I,6508G,9503P,9516R,9627K,9628R with respect to the Indian patient
genome I, S, K, F, S, D, L, S, R, G respectively (Table 3). Meanwhile,
the sequence of the Russia patient (EPI\_ISL\_430111) presented I and S
at amino acidic position 388 and 5673 with respect to the Bangladeshi
sequence (F and I)( Table 3).Furthermore, predicted 3D structures of
NSP13-261E and NSP13-261D were \textgreater{}90\% confident. These
structures were identical and completely overlapped with each other when
aligned using PyMOL. The predicted secondary structures were similar,
both 261E and 261D were localized in \selectlanguage{greek}α -\selectlanguage{english}helix (Figure 3a). Based on
these findings, it can be concluded that the E261D mutation in NSP13 has
no effect on protein structure and hence the function. Nonetheless,
amino acid 261 is not a part of NSP13 active site. However, the
predicted structures of both NSP2-120I and NSP-120F were around 46\%
confident. These structures failed to align, but the phenylalanine
reside of the NSP-120F was in a \selectlanguage{greek}α -\selectlanguage{english}helix (Figure 3b) whereas the
isoleucine reside of the NSP2-120I was not. Despite the reliability of
Phyre2 structures, predicted secondary structures also showed the same
thing with high confidence. Such findings suggest that the I120F
mutation in NSP2 could affect the structure and function of NSP2. The
structure and function of NSP2 is yet to explore, but current prediction
suggests that there is no known functional domain spanning this mutation
site (Figure 3a \& Figure 3b).

\textbf{Discussion}

In this study, the full length genome of SARS-CoV-2 strain Bangladesh is
completely analyzed and compared with the viral genome sequence of the
COVID-19 patient in Wuhan {[}5{]} and some neighboring countries as well
as Western countries (https://www.gisaid.org/). Phylogenetic analysis
consistently placed the Bangladeshi patient's strain in a distinct
cluster from the neighboring country India and also the Wuhan patient's
strain. The strain of Bangladeshi patient grouped in this small study
with 33 sequences within mostly Asian countries like Japan, Kuwait,
Russia and also European country, Spain. In comparison with the Wuhan
patient's strain a total of 9 SNPs were observed {[}5{]}. This is
consistent with the other reports published recently where India
reported their isolated strains with 15 mutations while Italy reported
11 mutations compare to the Wuhan strains. Such variations reflects the
various kind of mutations that are common to the most RNA viruses {[}11,
12, 13, 14{]}. This strain of Bangladeshi female patient also showed at
least SARS-CoV-2 strain 10 SNPs when compared with the Indian strains.
Again it clearly is very much diverse as the viral outbreak might be
initiated by the people who visited the hotspots or migrated from those
areas. And Bangladeshi and Indian people are working across the globe in
Europe, America and Middle Eastern countries being the being the
dominant countries. While trading relationship is also very high for
these countries to diverse overseas countries.

The sequence data of Bangladesh revealed 2 novel SNPs. Among them,
Mutation NSP13 E261D already occurred 2 times (0.01\% of all samples
with NSP13 sequence) in 2 countries including Bangladesh. The first
strain with this mutation, collected in March 2020, was
hCoV-19/Austria/CeMM0004/2020. The mutation most recently occurred in
strain hCoV-19/Bangladesh/CHRF\_nCOV19\_0001/2020, collected in April
2020. This finding is very important as it only occurred second time.
Even the NCBI database revealed this as first time for Bangladesh, but
it matched with Austrian strain when we analyzed with the GISAID
database. There is at least 1 SNP that was observed in Bangladeshi
Patient's sequence that is completely novel. It is the mutation in NSP3
region nucleotide 1162 which is T for Bangladeshi strain, but A for
Wuhan strain. This is for the amino acid Iso leucine (I) is replaced by
Phenyl alanine (F). It would be very interesting to analyze the protein
function more details of NSP3. However, initial analysis performed by
i-tesser didn't show significant differences. The mutations should be
further investigated to understand whether they may affect virus
characteristics. During this analysis, the lack of epidemiological
information available with most sequences deposited in the database and
the number of incomplete genomes available made difficulties in the
strain selections. Nevertheless, these data provides valuable insights
about SARS-CoV-2 strain in Bangladesh and may be useful to understand
the dynamics of the local transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in the coming days.

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\textbf{Author's contributions}

O.S., M.K.C and N.N.R carried out the studies (Data collection and data
analysis). O.S., M.S.H and N.N.R drafted the manuscript. M.M.R.
developed the hypothesis, supervised the whole work and critically
review the drafted manuscript. All authors read and approved the final
manuscript.

\textbf{Acknowledgments}

The authors would like to acknowledge Bangabandhu Science \& Technology
Fellowship Trust for supporting Otun Saha with PhD fellowship.

\textbf{Conflict of interest}

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of
any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a
potential conflict of interest.

\textbf{Funding source}

No Funding

Table 1: Single nt polymorphisms (SNPs)a ~deduced by comparison of
1\textsuperscript{st} Bangladesh whole genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2
focused in this study ~with selected SARS-CoV-2 sequences (n=7 compared
sequences)\selectlanguage{english}
\begin{longtable}[]{@{}lllllllllllllllllllllllllllll@{}}
\toprule
\begin{minipage}[b]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{SARS-CoV-2} \textbf{sequence ID} \textbf{(country from}
\textbf{which the sequence} \textbf{originated)}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Nucleotide position of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Nucleotide position of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Nucleotide position of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Nucleotide position of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Nucleotide position of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Nucleotide position of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Nucleotide position of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Nucleotide position of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Nucleotide position of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Nucleotide position of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Nucleotide position of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Nucleotide position of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Nucleotide position of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Nucleotide position of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Nucleotide position of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Nucleotide position of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Nucleotide position of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Nucleotide position of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Nucleotide position of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Nucleotide position of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Nucleotide position of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Nucleotide position of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Nucleotide position of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Nucleotide position of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Nucleotide position of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Nucleotide position of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Nucleotide position of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Nucleotide position of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\midrule
\endhead
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{241}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{884}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{1163}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{1348}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{1820}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{3037}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{5572}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{6310}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{6702}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{9159}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{11083}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{14408}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{14805}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{17019}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{18744}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{18877}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{23403}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{23929}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{25613}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{26144}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{26727}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{26735}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{27046}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{27167}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{28311}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{28881}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{28882}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{28883}\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{NC\_045512.2 (China)}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
A\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
A\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.01\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{EPI\_ISL\_437912} \textbf{(Bangladesh)}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
A\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
A\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{EPI\_ISL\_430111} \textbf{(Russia)}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
A\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
A\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
A\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{EPI\_ISL\_437762} \textbf{(Saudi Arabia)}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
A\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{EPI\_ISL\_412974} \textbf{(Italy)}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
A\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
A\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{EPI\_ISL\_417444} \textbf{(Pakistan)}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
A\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
A\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
A\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{EPI\_ISL\_427813} \textbf{(Korea)}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
A\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
A\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{EPI\_ISL\_437438} \textbf{(India)}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
A\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
A\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
A\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
A\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
C\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
T\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
G\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\bottomrule
\end{longtable}

N: nucleocapsid protein; SARS-CoV-2: severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus; SNP: single nt polymorphism; UTR: untranslated region. SNPs
are shown according to nt positions in the genome sequence and gene
location.~The targeted sequences focused in this study is the ones from
Bangladesh (EPI\_ISL\_437912). NC\_045512.2 (China) sequence used as
reference genome

Table 2: Single nt polymorphisms (SNPs) a deduced by comparison of
1\textsuperscript{st} Bangladesh whole genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2
focused in this study with reference genome (NC\_045512.2)\selectlanguage{english}
\begin{longtable}[]{@{}lllll@{}}
\toprule
\textbf{Position} & \textbf{NC\_045512.2} & \textbf{EPI\_ISL\_437912} &
\textbf{Mutation type} & \textbf{Protein change}\tabularnewline
\midrule
\endhead
\textbf{241} & C & T & Upstream gene variation & Non
Coding\tabularnewline
\textbf{1163} & A & T & Nonsynonymous & I F\tabularnewline
\textbf{3037} & C & T & \emph{Synonymous} & No Change\tabularnewline
\textbf{14408} & C & T & Nonsynonymous & P L\tabularnewline
\textbf{17019} & G & T & \emph{Nonsynonymous} & E D\tabularnewline
\textbf{23403} & A & G & \emph{Nonsynonymous} & D G\tabularnewline
\textbf{28881} & G & A & \emph{Nonsynonymous} & R K\tabularnewline
\textbf{28882} & G & A & \emph{Synonymous} & No Change\tabularnewline
\textbf{28883} & G & C & \emph{Nonsynonymous} & G R\tabularnewline
\bottomrule
\end{longtable}

Here, NC\_045512.2= References sequence;
EPI\_ISL\_437912=1\textsuperscript{st} Bangladeshi whole genome
sequences; synonymous: ~mutation is a~change~in the DNA sequence that
codes for amino acids in a protein sequence, but does not~change~the
encoded amino acid; \emph{nonsynonymous} : substitution is a nucleotide
mutation that alters the amino acid sequence of a protein.

Table 3: Amino acid variations ~deduced by comparing translations of
targeted (EPI\_ISL\_437912) whole genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2 focused
in this study ~with those of selected SARS-CoV-2 sequences (n=7 compared
sequences)\selectlanguage{english}
\begin{longtable}[]{@{}lllllllllllllllllllll@{}}
\toprule
\begin{minipage}[b]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{SARS-CoV-2} \textbf{sequence ID} \textbf{(country from}
\textbf{which the sequence} \textbf{originated)}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Amino Acids of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Amino Acids of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Amino Acids of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Amino Acids of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Amino Acids of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Amino Acids of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Amino Acids of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Amino Acids of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Amino Acids of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Amino Acids of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Amino Acids of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Amino Acids of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Amino Acids of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Amino Acids of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Amino Acids of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Amino Acids of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Amino Acids of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Amino Acids of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Amino Acids of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[b]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{Amino Acids of SARS-CoV-2 Genome}\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\midrule
\endhead
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{295}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{388}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{466}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{607}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{1857}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{2103}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{3053}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{2104}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{3694}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{4803}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{5673}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{6248}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{6508}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{7801}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{8521}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{8715}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{9503}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{9516}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{9624}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{9628}\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{NC\_045512.2(China)}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{R}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{I}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{V}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{G}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{M}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{G}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{P}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{T}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{L}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{P}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{E}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{T}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{D}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{C}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{R}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{V}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{P}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{R}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{R}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.03\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{G}\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{EPI\_ISL\_437912} \textbf{(Bangladesh)}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{R}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{F}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{V}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{G}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{M}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{G}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{P}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{T}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{L}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{L}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{D}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{T}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{G}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{C}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{R}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{V}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{P}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{R}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{K}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{R}\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{EPI\_ISL\_430111} \textbf{(Russia)}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{R}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{I}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{V}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{G}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{M}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{G}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{P}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{T}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{L}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{L}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{E}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{M}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{G}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{T}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{R}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{V}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{P}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{R}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{K}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{R}\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{EPI\_ISL\_437762} \textbf{(Saudi Arabia)}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{R}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{I}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{V}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{G}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{M}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{G}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{P}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{T}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{L}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{L}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{E}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{T}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{G}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{C}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{I}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{V}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{P}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{R}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{R}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{G}\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{EPI\_ISL\_412974} \textbf{(Italy)}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{R}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{I}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{V}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{G}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{M}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{G}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{P}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{T}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{F}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{P}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{E}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{T}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{D}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{C}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{R}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{F}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{P}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{R}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{R}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{G}\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{EPI\_ISL\_417444} \textbf{(Pakistan)}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{C}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{I}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{I}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{G}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{M}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{G}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{L}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{T}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{F}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{P}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{E}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{T}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{D}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{C}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{R}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{V}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{P}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{R}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{R}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{G}\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{EPI\_ISL\_427813} \textbf{(Korea)}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{R}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{I}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{V}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{G}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{I}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{T}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{P}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{T}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{F}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{P}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{E}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{T}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{D}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{C}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{R}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{F}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{P}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{R}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{R}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{G}\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{EPI\_ISL\_437438} \textbf{(India)}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{R}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{I}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{V}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{S}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{M}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{G}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{P}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{K}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{F}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{P}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{E}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{T}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{D}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{C}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{R}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{V}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{L}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{S}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{R}\strut
\end{minipage} & \begin{minipage}[t]{0.05\columnwidth}\raggedright\strut
\textbf{G}\strut
\end{minipage}\tabularnewline
\bottomrule
\end{longtable}

SARS-CoV-2: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. The amino
acid positions refer to those in each respective protein sequence of the
Wuhan reference (GenBank accession number: NC\_045512.2), starting from
the first Serine. The only sequences targeted in this study is the ones
from Bangladesh (EPI\_ISL\_437912).\selectlanguage{english}
\begin{figure}[H]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.70\columnwidth]{figures/image1/image1}

\end{center}
\end{figure}

Figure 1. Phylogenetic analysis of 1\textsuperscript{st} Bangladeshi
SARS-CoV-2 complete genome sequences retrieved in this study, with
available complete sequences from different countries (n=33 genome
sequences). GISAID: Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data;
HKY: Hasegawa, Kishino, and Yano; MEGA 7: Molecular Evolutionary
Genetics Analysis across Computing Platforms; SARS-CoV-2: severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Main clusters are highlighted in blue
colors. The Wuhan reference genome is in navy color marked as reference
sequence (GenBank accession number: NC\_045512.2). The scale bar at the
bottom of the tree represents 0.000050 nt substitutions per site. The
cluster containing the viral sequence of the
1\textsuperscript{st}Bangladeshi SARS-Cov-2 genome sequence (GISAID
accession ID: EPI\_ISL\_437912) is in red. The viral genome sequence
from all other countries are divided in to fide clade marked as Cluster
A to Cluster E. tree was built by using the best fitting substitution
model (HKY) through MEGA 7 software.\selectlanguage{english}
\begin{figure}[H]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.70\columnwidth]{figures/image2/image2}

\end{center}
\end{figure}

Figure 2: Genomic novelty analysis of Bangladeshi SARS-CoV-2
(EPI\_ISL\_437912) in comparison with the other NCBI submitted
SARS-CoV-2 sequences. Genomic novelty analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Bangladeshi
strains identified (a) One nt A has mutated to T at the genomic portion
1163 that causes nonsynonymous changes of amino acid I to F (b) One nt G
has mutated to T at the genomic portion 17019 that causes nonsynonymous
changes of amino acid E to D.\selectlanguage{english}
\begin{figure}[H]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.70\columnwidth]{figures/image3/image3}

\end{center}
\end{figure}

Figure~3a:~The computational structure of SARS-CoV-2 E261D (shown as
green cartoon). The computational model of the of SARS-CoV-2 E261D
showed an alpha (Green) and beta helix(Blue)\emph{.}\selectlanguage{english}
\begin{figure}[H]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.70\columnwidth]{figures/image4/image4}

\end{center}
\end{figure}

Figure~3b:~The computational structure of SARS-CoV-2 I20F (shown as
green cartoon). The computational model of the of SARS-CoV-2 E261D
showed an alpha (Green) and beta helix (Blue)\emph{.}

\textbf{Hosted file}

\verb`figure.docx`  available at \url{https://authorea.com/users/325047/articles/457169-phylogenetic-analysis-of-first-bangladeshi-sars-cov-2-strain-isolated-in-bangladesh-understanding-the-possible-origin-and-novel-mutations}

\selectlanguage{english}
\FloatBarrier
\end{document}

