Major complications
Neurological complications
One case of stroke (1.44%) occurred in a male neonate aged 30 days and weighing 3Kg, with severe HAA and VSD, admitted to our pediatric intense care unit in a state of cardiogenic shock. His hemodynamics improved upon inotropic medication, and surgery was performed 24 hours post-admission, consisting of complete reconstructive aortoplasty and VSD closure. CPB lasted 181 minutes, aortic clamping 90 minutes, and CCMSP of 55 minutes. After weaning from CPB failed, the neonate was placed on central extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), and then withdrawn from ECMO after 7 days. Thereafter, the infant displayed marked global developmental delay, brain imaging revealing ischemic and hemorrhagic lesions in the frontal and occipital regions.
Renal complications
Two (2.89%) neonates developed transient renal failure requiring dialysis with patients’ characteristics listed in Table 4. They weighed less than 3kg underwent total reconstruction for HAA and concomitant VSD with CPB for over 150 minutes. Durations of CCMSP were 42 and 46 minutes.
No myocardial or visceral ischemia complications were observed in our study.