Statistics
All statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Statistics 26 (IBM Corp., USA) and graphs were constructed using Prism 8 (GraphPad Software Inc., USA). Continuous variables are expressed as mean ± standard deviation, and categorical variables are expressed as percentages. Normality of data samples was assessed using Shapiro-Wilk test. Two sample hypothesis testing was performed using either Student’st -test if samples had normal distributions or Mann-WhitneyU test if samples did not have normal distributions. Hypothesis testing for categorical variables was performed using Fisher’s exact test. For Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, significance testing between groups was performed using log-rank test.
All patients provided written informed consent for their procedures, and all data collection and analysis was approved by the NYU Langone Medical Center Institutional Review Board.