Neonatal outcomes
There was no difference in the median umbilical cord c-peptide concentration or proportion >90th centile between babies that were born to GDM mothers and normoglycaemic mothers. Similarly, the rate of clinical neonatal jaundice was similar between the groups. However, more cases of neonatal hypoglycaemia were recorded in the GDM group, compared to babies born to normoglycaemic mothers (1.8% Vs 0.4%; p-value 0.02). Babies born to mothers with GDM were on average 47.0g larger than those born to normoglycaemic participants, but this was not statistically significant. Similarly, there were no differences in the proportion of babies born large for gestational age (25.0% Vs 20.4%; p-value 0.15), or macrosomic, small for gestational age, or low birthweight. Gestational age at delivery, proportion of babies born preterm, proportion of babies admitted to the special baby unit and their median length of stay were similar between babies that were born to GDM mothers and normoglycaemic mothers. There was no significant difference detected in perinatal mortality rates between GDM and normoglycaemic pregnancies (2.11% Vs 2.8%; p-value 0.68). Neonatal outcomes are displayed in Table 2.