Chemical fluid component and Injection Strategy
After finalizing well pattern and rock-fluid parameters, injection parameters were set in the simulator. Initially, the secondary water-flood injection stage continued for a period of 0.1444 days (208 min) at a flow rate of 0.00024 m3/day. This was followed by chemical flood injection, in which surfactant/polymer/nanoparticle based aqueous fluids were injected at the same rate to recover additional oil trapped within pore-throat regions. This process continued for 86 min duration until cumulative period of 0.2041 day. Finally, chase water was injected during 0.2041-0.3083 day period (~150 min) to maintain pressure gradient. Earlier researchers developed simulation models using CMG-STARS and CMOST for core-scale flooding studies [61-63]. This is advantageous in understanding reservoir and fluid properties, and accurately simulate enhanced flooding performance parameters [62,63]. Table 4 shows the flooding model comparisons for different injection schemes employed during displacement experiments.