Introduction
The World Health Organization had announced (COVID-19) as a pandemic on
11 March 2020[1]. The epidemic evolves and spreads resulting in
highly rates of infection or even death. While the vaccine is absent,
there is an essential need to mention the immune system, nutrition and
how could we enhance ourselves against viral deadly infections
especially among vulnerable patients as persons aged more than 65 years,
with worthily health conditions (asthma, heart, chronic disease, or even
immunosuppressed). COVID-19 may be transferred either by directly with
infected patients or indirectly contact with surfaces used by the
infected patients[2]. COVID-19 can cause a cytokine storm, which
includes serious burst in the inflammatory ([IL]-6, IL-1β, (TNF)-α)
(IFN)-γ)[3]. Undoubtedly, healthy diet, specific nutrients and
nutrient facts can be effective with respect to disease vulnerability
and immune responses by gene expression, cells activation, molecules
production and gut microbial discourages[4].
Adjuration protection procedures under quarantine, self-isolation and
sterilization are recommended for protection of COVID-19 infections.
Since being under quarantine, people seek for boredom and fear; due to
the unemployment and news tragedy by social media platforms. This might
result in poor diet quality and mood negative effect. Moreover, the
unhealthy diet could increase inflammation, obesity, diabetes, cancer,
lung problems and even the risks for more serious diseases than
CoVID-19[5].
As a consequence, it is deemed crucial to consume serotonin and
synthesis food sources such as almond, banana, oat and cherry to get rid
of quarantine stresses[6]. In addition, tryptophan sources can act
as sleep-inducing, neuropeptide Y inhibition, killer cell activity
generator and respiratory infections control[7]. Furthermore,
dairies, specially skimmed yogurt is strongly recommended for its highly
useful microorganisms to ameloriate immunity system strengthens[8].
During quarantine, the nutritional deficiencies of macronutrients and
micronutrients intake indeed resulted in depression of the immune
function as secretory antibody, phagocyte, cytokine production
eventually, increase the susceptibility for viral infections as
COVID-19[9]. (Fig. 1) Shows the nutrients intake for novel Covid-19
Era effect on functions related and virus targeted under quarantine.
Vegetables, salads and fruits regularly intake can supply micronutrients
as vitamin (A, B, C, D, E), minerals (Zn, Se, Cu, Fe, Ca) and
phytochemicals (rutin, hesperidin) to clean the body and boost the
immune function[10].
Additionally, antioxidants food sources can increase (T-cell subsets),
interleukin-2, lymphocyte reaction against the mitogen and even the
activity of natural killer cell (NK cells)[11]. There are a lot of
nutritional supplements to motivate the immune system due to its
bioactive ingredients such as bee pollen, echinacea, mulone syrup, thyme
and (nigella sativ, cod liver, pumpkin seed, fennel) oils[12]. It is
necessary to reduce sugars intake as they reduce white blood cells
function against microbes[13]. Admittedly, smoking is forbidden due
to the free radical, nicotine and nitrogen dioxide ozone productions,
which in turn weakens immunity[14].
The current article focuses on the immunenutrition relationship with the
respiratory viruses as coronavirus. Definitely there are numerous
nutritional date of enhancing the complex immune system needs, in
synergy or individually such as diet, fruit, herbs, vitamins,
nutraceuticals, antioxidants, trace elements and probiotics with the
help of light sports against respiratory infections and pneumonia as
COVID-19 syndromes.