(c) (d)
Figure 16. Force chain plots for L-L contacts. (a) 25% large particles;
(b) 50% large particles; (c) 75% large particles; (d) 100% large
particles.
The force chains for L-L and L-S contacts are illustrated in Figure 17.
For the 100% large system, the L-L contact is the only way for
transmitting the force. For binary systems (particularly for the 50%
large and 25% large mixtures), the L-S contacts are the primary vehicle
for force transmission between large particles, as large particles are
surrounded by many small particles. For the 75% large particle systems,
small particles fill some gaps between the large particles and both L-L
and L-S contacts serve to transmit forces.