Data collected from the Ministry of Health for Standard care
All hospitals are required to submit data to the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare for several health indicators. Data were extracted from these records for the number of deliveries, the number of vaginal deliveries, the number of caesarean sections done at night (this was taken as proxy for intrapartum caesarean sections although actual number would have been higher as the intrapartum caesarean sections during the day are not reported separately), the number of stillbirths (which included both antenatal and intrapartum deaths occurring after 28 week gestation, quantified together, as the data is reported as a composite), the number of early and late neonatal deaths and, finally, the number of maternal deaths occurring during the same time period at the same hospital as the study duration.