Population
During the 5-year study period, 189 children <2 years old were
hospitalized in our institution with a main diagnosis of “haemangioma”
identified from the hospital PMSI database. From this cohort, 95
patients were not included in the study: 43 (22.8%) cases were included
in a concomitant randomised controlled trial comparing acebutolol versus
propranolol in IH (NCT01743885), 24 (12.7%) cases were treated with
another drug than Hemangiol® (atenolol, N=2; corticoids, N=2; other form
of oral propranolol, N=9; surgery, N=11), 20 (10.6%) cases received no
drug to treat their IH, and 8 (4.2%) cases had significant missing data
(lost to follow-up). Therefore, a total of 94 children (75% female)
with IH treated with Hemangiol® were included in this study. All parents
or legal guardians gave their informed consent.
The most common IH localisation was the head (59.6%), especially the
periocular (N=23) and nasal (N=11) regions. Rare cases of syndromic
(PHACES syndrome, N=2; LUMBAR syndrome, N=2), hepatic haemangioma (N=2),
and miliary IH (N=1) were identified.
Hemangiol® was initiated at a median age of 4 [0; 21] months,
including 2 children <5 weeks and 29 children >5
months old. The main indication for IH treatment with Hemangiol® was
functional threat (N=36; 38.3%) and mainly concerned facial IH,
predominantly for periocular (N=19) and nasal (N=6) localisations.
Ulcerated IH were treated with Hemangiol® in 29 (30.9%) children,
especially in perineal localisations (N=7). Life-threatening forms of IH
required treatment with Hemangiol® for 5 children (hepatic haemangioma,
N=2; miliary, N=1; subglottic haemangioma, N=2). Patients’ clinical
characteristics were reported in Table 1.