where a and b are the reformed parameters from the
baseflow coefficient after parameter x is added. Therefore,
quantifying x can show the overall environmental effect on the
recession curve. Based on specific
effects (e.g. evapotranspiration, bedrock leakage, groundwater pumping,
return flow, vegetation cover and snowmelt), the similar approaches can
describe the influence on groundwater-runoff process (Szilagyi,
Gribovszki, & Kalicz, 2007; Wang, 2011; Thomas, Vogel, Kroll, &
Famiglietti, 2013; Cheng et al., 2017; Ploum, Lyon, Teuling, Laudon, &
van der Velde, 2019).