Objectives: This study aims to explore the clinical value of prenatal ultrasonography in the diagnosis of the common arterial trunk (CAT) classification and associated deformities. Materials and methods: The two-dimensional ultrasound images spatiotemporal image correlations (STICs) and clinical data of 108 foetuses diagnosed with CAT malformations were retrospectively analysed, their CAT types were classified, and the correlations between these different types and foetal malformations and pregnancy outcomes were analysed. Results: Among the 108 foetuses, there were 47 cases (43.5%) of type A1, 51 cases (47.3%) of type A2, 9 cases (8.3%) of type A3 and 1 case of type A4 (0.9%), of which 22 cases (20.4%) were isolated CAT, 56 cases (51.8%) had complex intra-cardiac structural abnormalities, 30 cases (27.8%) had intra-cardiac or extra-cardiac structural abnormalities, 17 cases had 1 other system abnormality, and 5 cases had 2 other system abnormalities. Four cases were combined with 3 other system abnormalities, while 4 cases were combined with 4 other system abnormalities, among which the facial and physical abnormalities had the highest incidence (40.0%). The STIC images were completely displayed in 88 cases (81.5%). Isolated CAT and CAT combined with other malformations were significantly correlated with foetal pregnancy outcomes ( P < 0.05). Conclusions: Prenatal ultrasonography had a high clinical application value for classifying CAT. Pregnancy outcomes were highly correlated with the classification and combined intra-cardiac and extra-cardiac structural malformations. The early assessment of foetal prognosis before birth has great value for clinical intervention.

IntroductionFetal persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous (PHPV) and retinoblastoma (Rb) is rare congenital abnormal development of the vitreous body1,2. According to related manifestations after delivery, PHPV is clinically called “white pupil.” It mainly manifests as vision loss and lens opacity and, in severe cases, as intravitreal hemorrhage and eyeball atrophy. The disease is possibly isolated or associated with congenital syndromes, such as Walker–Warburg syndrome and Norrie disease. Rb is the most common intraocular malignancy of childhood. The role of prenatal ultrasound screening for Rb has been discussed3. Here, we present a case of persistent primary hyperplasia vitreous diagnosed in the second trimester using prenatal ultrasonography. An echogenic band with an irregular surface was detected between the lens and the posterior wall of the left eye. No other system abnormalities were present in the fetus.

Fetal ventricular aneurysm is a rare congenital cardiac malformation that can occur in various cardiac cavities and often exists in isolation without other malformations. Modern ultrasound technology can assist the prenatal diagnosis of ventricular aneurysm. Herein, we will present a rare case of a giant left ventricular aneurysm detected by prenatal ultrasonography.

Vascular rings(VRs) are defined as congenital abnormalities of the aortic arch and its branches. The most common vascular rings include right aortic arch (RAA) and double aortic arches(DAA). Vascular rings can form a ring that may compress the esophagus and trachea ,which likely result feeding difficulties and respiratory distress. We have reported three cases about diagnosis of vascular rings using High-definition flow(HD-flow) render mode and spatiotemporal image correlation(STIC). In addition ,we have evaluated the postnatal imaging features of vascular rings.

Objectives: To investigate the incidence of single umbilical artery (SUA), malformation, and postpartum outcomes in a retrospective analysis of 781 fetuses with SUA. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 781 pregnant women with singleton fetuses with SUA were diagnosed in the Gansu Provincial Maternal and Child-care Hospital from 2013 to 2019. Detailed data on maternal and fetal characteristics and postpartum outcomes were obtained. Results: A total of 624 (79.9%) fetuses were diagnosed with isolated SUA, whereas 157 (20.1%) fetuses had SUA with other structural and/or chromosomal abnormalities. The highest incidence of malformations was found in the urinary system, followed by the cardiovascular system and the digestive system. The incidence of SUA on the right side was 59.1% and life side was 40.9% respectively. Fetuses with SUA and other abnormalities showed a trend to be small for gestational age (3061 g vs 3201 g, p < 0.01) but not be delivered preterm. Conclusions: After a diagnosis of SUA, structural observation of the fetus is required. The urinary, cardiovascular, and digestive systems should be the focus of observation. If relevant malformations are found, genetic testing must be performed. With isolated SUA, it is recommended to dynamically monitor biological indicators to be alert for SGA, but genetic testing is not recommended.