1. Introduction
The etiologies of brainstem encephalitis (BE) can be divided into infectious and autoimmune. The most common infectious causes are listeria, enteroviruses, and herpes viruses.1 Among these causes, central nervous system (CNS) infection withMycoplasma pneumoniae is rare in adults than in pediatric patients. As CNS manifestations related to M. pneumoniae are variable and a positive serological result in adults may simply reflect carriage or previous encounters with M. pneumoniae , making the diagnosis of BE associated with M. pneumonia particularly challenging in adult patients.2
We report a case of BE associated with M. pneumoniae in an immunocompetent adult patient, diagnosed based on an increased level of specific IgM antibody against M. pneumoniae through enzyme immunoassays (EIAs), as comparing levels between the acute phase and the convalescent sera. The patient recovered without any sequelae despite initial severe neurological deficits.