Figure 2. Comparison of left atrial whole conduction time and velocity between patients with and without low-voltage areas
Left atrial whole conduction time and velocity between patients with and without low-voltage areas were compared. Conduction time was defined as the time difference between the start (septum) and end of the left atrial propagation wave front (lateral mitral annulus) during right atrial pacing or sinus rhythm. Left atrial conduction velocity was calculated as left atrial anterior conduction distance divided by conduction time. Anterior conduction distance was measured manually by tracing the pathway of the propagation wave front from the start point to the end point in the anterior left atrium. Patients with localized low-voltage areas at any portion of the left atrium demonstrated longer conduction time and a slower conduction velocity than those without.