4.1. Patient characteristics
Patient characteristics are shown in Table 1. During a mean follow-up period of 436±188 days, 68 (24%) patients experienced AF recurrence. Patients with AF recurrence more frequently had the persistent type of AF and a larger left atrial diameter. Procedural characteristics are shown in Table 2. PVI was completed in all patients, and no severe procedure-related complications such as cardiac tamponade, stroke, esophageal injury, or major bleeding were observed. Patients with AF recurrence had a longer procedure time, higher frequency of cryoballoon usage, and more mapping points on the voltage map after PVI.