Introduction
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is the most common and studied endocrine disorder of fertile-aged women, affecting approximately 5-10 % of the population. PCOS is characterized by several clinical phenotypic presentations, including metabolic and reproductive issues, mainly hyperandrogenemia, elevated serum anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) levels, presence of oligomenorrhea/amenorrhea and insulin resistance.1
The higher frequency of pregnancy complications, mainly preterm birth, in PCOS patients than normo-ovulatory patients is under discussion for many years.2-4
Strong relationship between patterning and differentiation of the Müllerian Duct and HOX and WNT genes and the evidence indicating that these genes are regulated by intrauterine androgens and AMH suggest that there may be a relationship between PCOS and uterine resorption defects, and pregnancy complications.5-17
Our study was based on the observation that intrauterine cavity is different than the normal structure when evaluating the cavity with hysterosalpingography (HSG) in routine work-up of infertility of PCOS patients.
This research, which aimed to look for the relationship between PCOS, uterine cavity resorption defects and pregnancy complications, is planned as two steps. The first phase of the study reported here is a retrospective observational study focusing the frequency of uterine cavity abnormalities, mainly resorption defects in PCOS patients and the second phase is a prospective study investigating the relationship of uterine cavity characteristics and pregnancy complications in PCOS patients (CONUTA & PPCOS, Clinical Trials No: NCT04776915) still ongoing.