5. CONCLUSION
The current study on the multi-year monitoring of insecticide resistance
in An. gambiae s.l. populations in different cotton
growing areas of Burkina Faso showed widespread pyrethroids resistance
in the main malaria vector species. Vector control strategies must take
into account cotton pest control strategies. Bioassays conducted with
diagnostic doses according to the WHO protocol indicate widespread
cross-resistance to DDT and pyrethroids due mainly to the kdrL1014F mutation, regardless of the cotton growing system.
In the future, it would be interesting to use the topical method to
better assess the level of resistance in these different vector
populations as well as the evolution of this resistance over time and
space according to the agricultural use of insecticides. There is no
doubt that for better control strategies, studies on the enzymatic
activity generally involved in insecticide metabolism (oxidases
esterases and glutathion-S-transferases) associated with the involvement
of other target modification mechanisms such as the ace-1mutation would be useful to improve knowledge on resistance mechanisms,
their respective role and their distribution within vector populations
according to different agricultural practices.