CONCLUSION
It is accepted that there are 11 species of elderberry in China. There is not the evidence about when the Sambucus nigra species of elderberry was brought to China (Shanghai, Shandong and Jiangsu Province). In southwest China, where the climate is mildly warm, there are two species of elderberries; Sambucus adnata , the “blood-red herb-elderberry” and S. javanica or S. chinensis , the “herb-elderberry”. There is a significant difference between the herb elderberries and the Sambucus adnata elderberry. This is due to the fact that Sambucus adnata has a blood-red color in the roots and rhizomes whereas the S. javanica or S. chinensiselderberry does not.
In northeast China where the climate is cold, there are 7 species of elderberry, however most scientists recognize only 2 species of 7 species: S. williamsii , the “woody-elderberry”, and S. sibirica , the “Siberian woody-elderberry”. The whole plant of theS. williamsii species is able to be used for medicine.
There are an additional 5 species of elderberry in northern-east cold climate of China which is not commonly known to the scientists.Sambucus sieboldiana is significantly different from S. williamsii , and is commonly called the “hairy woody-elderberry” because its new shoots, rachis, pedicels, petioles, and leaves surface are covered by long hair. The other species are S. foetidissima,the “hook-tooth leaf woody-elderberry” as the leaf edge has thick, sharp, serrated teeth that bend inward like hooks. S. coreana , the “North-Korean woody-elderberry”, may have originated in North-Korea and whose unique seeds contain 18.8% oil. S. latipinna , the “broad-leaf woody-elderberry” is named as it has leaflets 2-3.5cm wide. S. manshurica, the “northeast woody-elderberry”, whose leaves and shoots have been used as traditional Chinese medicine to treat human bone fractures.
People have begun to recognize the immense health benefit of elderberry. As a researcher, it is incredibly exciting to be a part of something that has such a positive impact on the world. American elderberry and European elderberry have significantly inability to the flu viruses and cold viruses, we believe that one of 9 Chinese elderberries should be inhibition of the Novel Coronavirus(2019-nCoV).