Dual-luciferase assay
Protoplasts were isolated, and the dual-luciferase assay was performed as previously described (Han et al., 2017). Transformed protoplasts were incubated at room temperature (~22℃) for 20-22 h and luciferase activities were measured using the dual-luciferase assay system (Dual-Luciferase® Reporter Assay, Promega, United States) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Firefly luciferase activity was normalized to Renilla luciferase activity. Three biological replicates were performed for all experiments.