Variables Description Type of measure Expected sign
Education Years of formal education of household head Years +
Age Age of the household head Years -
Sex Sex of the household head 1 if male, 0 otherwise +
Household size Number of family members between 15 to 60 years Years -
Off-farm income Farmer has any off-farm source of income 1 if yes, 0 otherwise +
Landholding size Total cultivated area Katha* +
Livestock herd size Total number of cattle and buffaloes kept by a surveyed household Numbers +
Extension service Total number of training received and visits by extension workers in the last five years Numbers +
HF_distance Distance from home to nearest government forest Kilometres +
Transport Means of transport possessed by the surveyed household 1 if a farmer has own means of transport, 0 otherwise +, -
Irrigation facility Farm has any source of irrigation 1 if yes, 0 otherwise +
Membership Member of farmers’ group and organization 1 if yes, 0 otherwise +
Origin Farmer is native 1 if yes, 0 otherwise +
Risk taking attitude Farmer is risk-averse, risk-neutral and risk loving 1 if risk loving, 2 if risk-neutral and 3 if risk-averse +
Awareness Farmer is aware of environmental benefits of an agroforestry practice 1 if yes, 0 otherwise +