Figure captions
Fig. 1 Comparison of fine-root attributes in plant mixtures and
monocultures at the community level.
Values (estimated β 0 in
Equation (5)) are mean ± 95% confidence intervals of the percentage
effects between plant mixtures and monocultures. The number of
observations is shown beside each attribute without parentheses, with
the number of studies in parentheses.
Fig. 2. Plant mixture effects on fine-root attributes in
relation to species richness in the mixtures, stand age, and soil depth
at the community level. Plant mixture effects on (A) fine-root biomass
(root biomass), (B) root length density (RLD) and (C) specific root
length (SRL) in relation to the species richness in mixtures, stand age,
and soil depth. The blue lines for each attribute were estimatedβ 1, β 2, and β 3 in Equation (5), respectively, with
bootstrapped 95% confidence intervals shaded in gray. The sizes of red
circles represent the relative weights of corresponding observations
Fig. 3 Temporal and spatial trends of root biomass (root
biomass) and specific root length (SRL) associated with plant species
richness (SR) in mixtures. Temporal trends of the effect size of root
biomass and SRL corresponding to SR in mixtures (a, b) and spatial
trends of the effect size of root biomass and SRL corresponding to SR in
mixtures (c, d). Coloured and black lines refer to the specific age or
soil depth responses and their average responses, respectively, with
their bootstrapped 95% confidence intervals shaded in gray. Pvalues are the interactive terms tested.
Fig. 4 Plant mixture effects on root length density (RLD) and
root biomass (RB) in relation to MAT and MAP, respectively. The effect
sizes of (a) RLD between species mixtures and monocultures in relation
to mean annual temperature (MAT). The effect sizes of plant mixtures on
(b) root biomass with MAP in relation to species richness. In Fig. 4a,
the sizes of the red circles represent the relative weights of
corresponding observations, whereas the blue lines are the estimated
coefficient, with bootstrapped 95% confidence intervals shaded in gray.
In Fig. 4b, the coloured and black lines represent specific species
richness and their average responses, respectively, with their
bootstrapped 95% confidence intervals shaded in gray
Fig. 5 Plant mixture effects on ecosystem types with (a) root
biomass, (b) root/shoot ratio, (c) community-weighted mean rooting
depth, (d) root length density, (e) specific root length, (f) mean root
diameter, (g) root nitrogen between ecosystem types. Values are mean ±
95% confidence intervals of the percentage effects between the plant
mixtures and monocultures. The numbers of observations are shown beside
each attribute without parentheses, with the number of studies in
parentheses
Fig. 1