Figure 3. The schematics of induced-charge electroosmosis
(ICEO) micromixers, (A) numerical and experimental results for
rapid mixing state from zero to 100% under AC electric field applied on
the sidewalls, (B) symmetry pair of triangle conducting hurdles
on microchannel walls for inducing micromixing (Z. Wu & Li, 2008a),
(C) fully conducting particles in the micro-chamber for
inducing micromixing (Daghighi & Li, 2013).