The inclusion of the project construction and finance components in the 'loans' and 'resource-secured loans' scenarios changes the time profile of GDP impacts during the construction phase (2009-2013) but also after - during the loan repayment period (2013-2032) and beyond. During the construction period, we obtain a decline in GDP driven by two factors - a decrease in non-project economic activity due to a crowding-out effect in the labour market and higher investment costs outside the project construction. While total employment increases slightly by 0.03% (Figure \ref{717791}B), most of the project direct and indirect labour requirements are sourced from the other sectors  (see employment section below) with a reducing effect on economic activity. At the same time, the additional project demand for construction and industrial commodities increases the cost of investment in the other sectors of the economy and reduce the non-project investment activity and consequently the economic activity in the next years (Figure \ref{717791}C). It should be noted that the overall GDP impacts in the construction phase in the range of 0.01% (in 2009) and -0.04%  (in 2013) are considerably smaller than the annual project costs (the equivalent of 0.5% of GDP in 2009).
After the Bui Dam commissioning, the increases in GDP in the 'loans' scenario are larger than 'electricity only'. Therefore,  though starting from a lower GDP point in 2013, the 'loans' scenario outperforms the 'electricity-only' scenario on the medium term, given that economic activity is stimulated by an increase in exchange rate favourable to exports.  Due to foreign loan repayments, the local currency in the 'loans' scenario is depreciated across the 12-year and 20-year periods over which the two loans are repaid (Figure \ref{717791}D). Therefore, in this timeframe, two marked changes in the exchange rate occur - in 2025 and 2033 when the first and second loans respectively are fully repaid.  Employment in the 'loans' scenario is nevertheless lower due to lower labour demand from public services - the loan repayment by the government reduces the public expenditure on health, education and public administration, with a partial recovery of this effect after 2025 when the first loan is repaid in full.