One of the capable technologies that would be able to harness energy from major renewable energy forms such as photovoltaics, wind, and hydrothermal to reduce CO2 to hydrocarbon fuels for selective biosynthesis systems is Hybrid Photosynthesis.
This technology ranges from completely abiotic, using solar photovoltaics or light capture materials coupled to electrocatalysts that are able to produce storage molecules like \(H_2\) and formic acid (REF- Appel 2003, White 2015), to efforts to improve the efficiency of natural photosynthesis by genetic engineering (Figure \ref{345033}). Abiotic approaches are typically high efficiency, high rate, but high cost; while biological approaches are self-assembling, self-repairing, but show low efficiency. 
Hybrid photosynthetic schemes like electrosynthesis aim to combine features from completely abiotic and biological photosynthesis in order to produce a solar energy capture and storage system that has all of the advantages of both systems, and as few of the drawbacks as possible (Figure \ref{345033}). In Figure 1, panels B and C describe biotic \(CO_2\) fixation by \(H_2\) and EET mediation respectively and panels D and E describe abiotic \(CO_2\) fixation of \(H_2\) and EET-mediated hybrid photosynthesis respectively.