\[CC^k=\sum_{p-1}^{np}\frac{TCC^P}{\left(1+r\right)^{p-1}}\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \left(9\right)\]
While  \(CC^k\) is the present value of pure density cost after adding planning  \(k\) during programming period,  \(np\) is the number of  years of programming’s horizon and  \(r\) is the decline rate \cite{Foroud_2010}.

Load deficiency cost

Load deficiency cost due to line failure in  year is calculated as follows  \cite{Foroud_2010}.