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\begin{document}

\title{How to write a thesis proposal and analyse data}



\author[1]{Arindam Basu}%
\affil[1]{University of Canterbury}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{May 07, 2024}


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When you write a thesis proposal, there should be three parts to the
proposal:

First or opening part, where you will describe a relevant health issue
and an exposure that you will propose that you will study. This is also
true when you write a paper where ~you will have investigated a problem
and have arrived at a set of results.~

Second, middle part, where you will identify the gaps in the knowledge
base and identify or list what gaps exist.

Third, end part, where you will propose how you intend to fill the
knowledge gap and move the knowledge base forward or indeed add to the
knowledge base.~

In all cases, we will refer to a process of scientific thinking or
knowledge production using a combination of inductive and deductive
logic and we will also blend in some other aspects. These can be
summarised as follows:

Start with a set of observations. By observations, we mean either facts
or we mean real world observations where you have first hand experience
from your previous knowledge. If you have first hand observations or
documentations, then start with these. If you have to start with
personal experiences that you'd rather explore further, state them here.
Or, if you have come across case studies or case reports that others
have reported, state them here as well. Otherwise, you can use listing
of the ``facts'' that you obtain from previous literature by conducting
a literature review.~

As the first step, conduct a thorough literature review. The word
thorough here indicates that you start with a specific question, and
construct search terms, identify or specify literature sources that you
should search in order to learn more about the topic and summarise them.
You will also need to learn about or be aware of background information
and foreground questions. Background information is information that is
relevant or pertinent to the problem that you'd like to explore. Imagine
that for your thesis, you'd like to explore the association between
exposure to ambient air quality or ambient air pollution and risk of
heart disease. Several authors and research groups have already explored
this topic in the past, so you will need to provide a background to
orient your reader as to what is meant by air quality, how is it
mreasured, and what health issues you'd like to explore. These are
background information; then, based on the background information, you
need to ask foreground questions. These questions~

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