Goldhagen also talks about another cognitive science fact that is really important in the context of spaces and how they affect humans. When we navigate spaces, we have two kinds of cognitive responses to them: direct and indirect. I'll only talk about indirect since it relates to this topic the most. Indirect responses "originate in the cognitive schemas we construct throughout our lives as we learn to inhabit the world." These schemas are metaphors of sorts, in the sense that content is transported from one place to another. An example of a metaphor that Goldhagen gives is when you're looking for a new apartment and suddenly you step into one that makes you feel a sense of "home." The home part is a metaphor: it is a combination of conscious and non-conscious cognitions you have assembled from memories and have distilled into "home", now an unspeakable, pleasant feeling. This is all to say that, the feelings we experience in unfamiliar environments are a summation of feelings we experienced in environments with similar elements.