Percent of buildings with construction complaints more than one standard deviation above city average (Construction as Harassment)
A large portion of buildings with a high outlying amount of construction complaints may indicate the use of construction as a systematic tactic for tenant harassment. The baseline is the average and standard deviation deviation of the number of construction-related complaints for all residential buildings in NYC.
Percent of buildings with top 5 over-represented complaints in Kushner + Croman portfolios more than one standard deviation above city average (Construction as Harassment)  
A large portion of buildings with a high outlying amount of complaints over-represented in the Kushner + Croman portfolios may indicate a similarity to these two known bad actors in terms of construction-related tactics for harassment. The baseline is the average and standard deviation deviation of the number of complaints over-represented in the Kushner + Croman portfolios for all residential buildings in NYC.  
 
Evictions per unit in portfolio  (Evictions)
 A high amount of evictions per unit may indicate the use of evictions as a tactic for tenant harassment and unit deregulation. The baseline for comparison is the total number of evictions per unit for all residential units in New York City.
Percent of buildings with at least one eviction (Evictions)
A high amount of buildings with evictions may indicate the use of evictions as a systematic, portfolio-wide tactic for tenant harassment and unit deregulation. The baseline for comparison is the percent of residential buildings in New York City with at least one eviction.
Percent of buildings in portfolio suspected of engaging in illegal deregulation through the misreporting of rent stabilized units (Illegal Deregulation)
A large portion of buildings suspected of under-reporting the number of rent stabilized units may indicate the use of misreporting to illegally deregulate rent stabilized units. The baseline for comparison is the percent of all rent stabilized buildings in NYC suspected of engaging in illegal deregulation through misreporting. The list of suspected buildings was generated using a pattern detection algorithm described in Appendix A.
These indicators are calculated in our analysis for the portfolio of a given landlord to help motivate a holistic understanding of a landlord's prospective rental intimidation. Information about the extent of a financial motivation for deregulating units can be combined with indicators of predatory equity to generate an intuition about whether a landlord is a predatory equity investor focused on the deregulation of rent stabilized units (through coercion or otherwise). And this intuition can be synthesized with indicators showing the likelihood landlords are engaged in various tactics of tenant intimidation to get a sense of how landlords are treating tenants based on the financial incentives underlying this relationship.
To help motivate a more intuitive processing of these varied indicators, we created a radar chart with each indicator above as one axis. City-wide baselines are visualized together with the portfolio-specific output to motivate an understanding of how much a portfolio is deviating from the city-wide norms of landlord behavior.