Study time. Average time for studying the map was 102.6 s (stdev 61.7 s) for experts with a minimum of 27.1 s and a maximum of 226.6 s (Figure 16) and 81.5 s (stdev 57.6 s) for novices with a minimum of 23.2 s and a maximum of 292.8 s (Figure 17)(Table 3). Although having had values that are close together for both experts and novices, there are differences among groups. If we classify the performances of participants regarding to study time, 17% of experts spent 0-50 s, 41%; 50-100 s, 21%; 100-150 s, and 21%; 150 s and more. On the other hand, 35% of novices spent 0-50 s, 46%; 50-100 s, 6%; 100-150 s, and 4%; 150 s and more. Results confirm that most of the experts allocated more time in studying than novices did.
Having gender differences explored in detail shows that novice males studied the map for 82.5 s, while novice females spent less time 78.3 s. On the other hand, the average study time for expert females was 112.2 s and for males, it was 91.5 s. Accordingly, both female and male experts allowed themselves more time than the novices did. Due to Cohen’s d effect size calculations, no significant difference occurred in terms of expertise or gender (Table 1).