Metrics

Topic

For organizations using a Safety Event Classification system, the following metric specifications apply. If not, consider adapting this model as a template. Serious Safety Event (SSE) Rate Rate of Serious Safety Events per 10,000 adjusted patient days (Throop & Stockmeier). A SSE results in harm that ranges from moderate to severe patient harm or death.
Outcome Measure Formula
Numerator: Number of patients with a Serious Safety EventDenominator: Total number of adjusted patient days* Rate is typically displayed as Events/10000 Adjusted Patient Days
Metric Recommendations
Direct Impact: All Patients
Lives Spared Harm: Lives = (SSE Rate baseline - SSE Rate measurement) X Adjusted Patient Days baseline
Notes: Adjusted patient days uses inpatient revenue and total patient days to calculate a “patient day” for inpatient and outpatient settings that accounts for outpatient workload.
http://www2.gov.bc.ca/assets/gov/health/forms/3547fil.pdf 
Gutheil TG. Observations on the theoretical bases for seclusion of the psychiatric inpatient. American Journal of Psychiatry 1978; 135: 325–328. Medline
Fisher WA. Restraint and seclusion: a review of the literature. American Journal of Psychiatry 1994; 151: 1584–1591. Medline
Cashin A. Seclusion: the quest to determine effectiveness. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services 1996; 34: 17–21. Medline
Martinez RJ, Grim M, Adamson M. From the other side of the door. Patient views of seclusion. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services 1999; 37: 13–22. Medline
Heyman E. Seclusion. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services 1987; 25: 9–12. Medline
Hafner RJ, Lammersma J, Ferris R, Cameron M. The use of seclusion: a comparison of two psychiatric intensive care units. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 1989; 23: 235–239. Link
Charatan F. US reconsiders use of seclusion and restraints in psychiatric patients. British Medical Journal 1999; 319: 77. Medline
Phillips P, Nasr SJ. Seclusion and restraint and prediction of violence. American Journal of Psychiatry 1983; 140: 229–232. Medline
LeGris J, Walters M, Browne G. The impact of seclusion on the treatment outcomes of psychotic inpatients. Journal of Advanced Nursing 1999; 30: 448–459. Medline
Ballarat Health Services-Grampians Psychiatric Services. Service Outline and Orientation. Ballarat Health Services, Ballarat 1999.
Throop, C., & Stockmeier, C. (2009). SECSM & SSERSM patient safety measurement system for healthcare. Retrieved from http://hpiresults.com/docs/PatientSafetyMeasurementSystem.pdf.