Microbes in harsh environment
The situation of microbes in the natural habitat with complex organic
and inorganic constituents is very akin to the plight. Every organism is
coping up with the problem of becoming fittest for survival. To stay
viable in all such harsh condition adaptation is the key factors for
every individual organism {79(P)}. Understanding adaptation mechanisms
of microbes sustaining in harsh environments were opened up a new
research way to employ microbes in process of environmental remediation.
It is well understood that, metals like cobalt, copper, manganese,
molybdenum, iron and zinc are key components for normal physiological
functioning of every living form at desired concentrations
scientific investigations focused on understanding microbial behaviour
with essential and non-essential metals from the recent decades, opened
up new research area ‘Metal Biotechnology’ to deal with risk posed by
widespread environment pollutions {19P, 17P,}. By enchasing metabolic
potentials of microbes termed as bioremediation. Microbes usually have
central role in phenomenon of bioremediation, with their pre-existing
proficiencies to degrade or to convert xenobiotic compounds into less
toxic forms (Kapri et al., 2011in review). In this review the
effort has been made to document the research finding in order to
understand the interaction between bacteria and the metals and its
significance in developing biological tool to treat heavy metal wastes.
Ability of altering chemical properties of metals by microbes, with
highly specific reduction and detoxification mechanisms to recognise and
detoxify the target metals assures the researchers to employ microbes in
clean-up of metal ions (Jonathan R. Lloyd, 2002). Which also
lead in a new research opening for biotechnologists termed as
bioremediation.