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\title{Maturasyon ve Ya\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}lanman\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}n Etkisi\selectlanguage{english}}


\author[ ]{Mustafa Yüksel}

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\selectlanguage{polish}İş\selectlanguage{english}itsel uyar\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}lm\selectlanguage{polish}ış \selectlanguage{english}potansiyeller ile ger\selectlanguage{ngerman}çekle\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}tirilen elektrofizyolojik
\selectlanguage{ngerman}ölçümlere kaynakl\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}k eden kortikal b\selectlanguage{ngerman}ölgeler ya\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}am\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}n ilk haftalar\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}ndan
itibaren hen\selectlanguage{ngerman}üz anne karn\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}ndayken geli\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}meye ve de\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}i\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}meye ba\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}lar. Bu
geli\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}im ve de\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}i\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}im (bir noktada gerilemeye de ba\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}lasa) ya\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}am boyu farkl\selectlanguage{polish}ı
\selectlanguage{english}boyutlarda ve \selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}ekillerde g\selectlanguage{ngerman}özlenmeye devam eder.\\

Kullan\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}lan uyaran\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}n ``zaman\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}na'' kilitli bir \selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}ekilde ortaya \selectlanguage{ngerman}ç\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}kan
kortikal aktivite sesin i\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}leni\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}inin zaman\selectlanguage{polish}ı \selectlanguage{english}(latans \selectlanguage{ngerman}ölçümü) ve
belirginli\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}i (genlik \selectlanguage{ngerman}ölçümü) ile ölçülür. Ya\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}am\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}n ilk y\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}llar\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}nda
olgunla\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}ma/maturasyon ile bu de\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}erler ``normal''e yakla\selectlanguage{polish}şı\selectlanguage{english}r. \selectlanguage{polish}İ\selectlanguage{english}lerleyen
y\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}llarda ise ya\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}lanman\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}n etkisi ile tekrardan farkl\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}la\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}abilir.~\\

Kortikal uyar\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}lm\selectlanguage{polish}ış \selectlanguage{english}potansiyellerin \selectlanguage{ngerman}ölçülen de\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}erler baz\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}nda de\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}i\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}iyor
olmas\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}n\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}n alt\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}nda beynin farkl\selectlanguage{polish}ı \selectlanguage{english}b\selectlanguage{ngerman}ölgelerinde (sadece serebellar korteks
de\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}il) meydana gelen n\selectlanguage{ngerman}öroanatomik-fizyolojik de\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}i\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}imler yatmaktad\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}r.
\selectlanguage{polish}İ\selectlanguage{english}nsan i\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}itsel korteksine y\selectlanguage{ngerman}önelik en detayl\selectlanguage{polish}ı \selectlanguage{english}n\selectlanguage{ngerman}öroanatomik çal\selectlanguage{polish}ış\selectlanguage{english}malardan
birisi 2002 y\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}l\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}nda Moore taraf\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}ndan yay\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}nlanm\selectlanguage{polish}ış\selectlanguage{english}t\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}r. \selectlanguage{ngerman}Çal\selectlanguage{polish}ış\selectlanguage{english}ma kapsam\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}nda
16.gestasyonel haftadan (fetal periyot) 27 ya\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}a kadar farkl\selectlanguage{polish}ı
\selectlanguage{english}kadavralardan beyin dokular\selectlanguage{polish}ı \selectlanguage{english}incelenmi\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}tir. \selectlanguage{ngerman}Çal\selectlanguage{polish}ış\selectlanguage{english}ma ile beyinsap\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}n\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}n
do\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}um esnas\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}nda n\selectlanguage{ngerman}öroanatomik olarak geli\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}imini tamamlam\selectlanguage{polish}ış \selectlanguage{english}olsa da;
hemisferler aras\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}ndaki ili\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}kiyi sa\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}layan komissural aksonlar ve
ba\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}lant\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}l\selectlanguage{polish}ı \selectlanguage{english}fiberler yakla\selectlanguage{polish}şı\selectlanguage{english}k 12 ya\selectlanguage{polish}şı\selectlanguage{english}na kadar olgunla\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}maya devam
ettikleri g\selectlanguage{ngerman}österilmi\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}tir. \selectlanguage{ngerman}Öte yandan i\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}itsel korteksin geli\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}imini de \selectlanguage{ngerman}üçe
ay\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}rm\selectlanguage{polish}ış\selectlanguage{english}lard\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}r:\\

\emph{Perinatal Periyot:} Do\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}um \selectlanguage{ngerman}öncesi 6.ay ile do\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}um sonras\selectlanguage{polish}ı \selectlanguage{english}4.ay
aras\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}ndaki perinatal d\selectlanguage{ngerman}önemde korteksin yaln\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}zce en d\selectlanguage{polish}ış \selectlanguage{english}k\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}sm\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}ndaki
aksonlar olgunla\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}m\selectlanguage{polish}ış \selectlanguage{english}durumdad\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}r. Bu aksonlar korteks boyunca uzun yollar
alabilir ve daha derinden gelen n\selectlanguage{ngerman}öronlar\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}n dentritler ile ba\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}lant\selectlanguage{polish}ı
\selectlanguage{english}kurarlar. Bu aksonlar i\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}itme ile ilgili ciddi bir rol \selectlanguage{ngerman}üstlenmeseler de,
korteksin geli\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}mesi i\selectlanguage{ngerman}çin kurduklar\selectlanguage{polish}ı \selectlanguage{english}ba\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}lant\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}lar olduk\selectlanguage{ngerman}ça k\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}ymetlidir.~\\

Bu d\selectlanguage{ngerman}önemde meydana gelen yeni ba\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}lant\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}lar \selectlanguage{ngerman}özellikle fMRI çal\selectlanguage{polish}ış\selectlanguage{english}malar\selectlanguage{polish}ı \selectlanguage{english}ile
g\selectlanguage{ngerman}österilmi\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}tir. Kay\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}tl\selectlanguage{polish}ı \selectlanguage{english}konu\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}ma dinleyen bebeklerde \selectlanguage{ngerman}üst temporal lob
korteksinde aktiviteler yo\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}unla\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}maktad\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}r. Korteksin y\selectlanguage{ngerman}üzeyindeki
(marginal layer) aksonlar bu dönemdeki kortikal uyar\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}lm\selectlanguage{polish}ış
\selectlanguage{english}potansiyellerin (N2 ve MMN) tek kayna\selectlanguage{polish}ğı\selectlanguage{english}d\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}r. Bu d\selectlanguage{ngerman}önemde 200-400 ms
aras\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}nda geni\selectlanguage{polish}ş \selectlanguage{english}negatif bir tepe olarak \textbf{N2} yan\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}t\selectlanguage{polish}ı \selectlanguage{english}elde edilmeye
ba\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}lan\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}r \cite{Kushnerenko_2002}.~\\

\selectlanguage{ngerman}\emph{Erken Çocukluk:} 4.5 ay ile 1 ya\selectlanguage{polish}ş \selectlanguage{english}aras\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}nda ise temporal lobdaki
aksonlar daha derin kurmaya ba\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}lar. 2 ya\selectlanguage{polish}ş \selectlanguage{english}civar\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}nda derin kortikal
katmanlardaki yatay ve dikey aksonlar g\selectlanguage{ngerman}örünür olmaya ba\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}lar. 3 ile 5 ya\selectlanguage{polish}ş
\selectlanguage{english}aras\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}nda ise bu aksonlar\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}n olu\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}turdu\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}u katmanlar yo\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}unla\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}maya ba\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}lar. Bu
yo\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}unla\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}ma ile i\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}itme sisteminin alt seviyeleri ile \selectlanguage{ngerman}üst seviyeleri
aras\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}ndaki ili\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}kiler g\selectlanguage{ngerman}üçlenir; yani i\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}itsel bilginin kortikal
i\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}lemlemesi bu d\selectlanguage{ngerman}önemde ba\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}lar. S\selectlanguage{ngerman}öz konusu ilerleme 5 ya\selectlanguage{polish}şı\selectlanguage{english}na kadar
artarak devam eder. Bu ba\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}lant\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}lar\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}n kurulmas\selectlanguage{polish}ı \selectlanguage{english}nedeniyle dil edinimi
a\selectlanguage{ngerman}ç\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}s\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}ndan 5 ya\selectlanguage{polish}şı\selectlanguage{english}na kadarki d\selectlanguage{ngerman}önem önem ta\selectlanguage{polish}şı\selectlanguage{english}maktad\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}r.~\\

Erken \selectlanguage{ngerman}çocukluk döneminde ortaya ç\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}kan \selectlanguage{ngerman}önemli bir potansiyel 80-100 ms
aras\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}nda g\selectlanguage{ngerman}örülen P1'dir. \textbf{P1} yeti\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}kinlik ile birlikte 60-75 ms
civar\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}na geriler. Erken \selectlanguage{ngerman}çocukluk döneminde temporal lobda meydana
gelmeye ba\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}layan n\selectlanguage{ngerman}örofizyolojik geli\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}meler ile P1 ortaya
\selectlanguage{ngerman}ç\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}kar~\cite{kraus1993speech}, \cite{Sharma_1997}.~\\

\selectlanguage{ngerman}\emph{Geç Çocukluk:} 5 ya\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}tan itibaren farkl\selectlanguage{polish}ı \selectlanguage{english}kortikal katmanlardaki
aksonlar ortaya \selectlanguage{ngerman}ç\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}kmaya ve artmaya devam ederler; 11-12 (Moore, 2002) -
16-18 (Hall, 2007) ya\selectlanguage{polish}ş \selectlanguage{english}civar\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}nda ise yeti\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}kin seviyesine gelir. S\selectlanguage{ngerman}öz
konusu art\selectlanguage{polish}ış \selectlanguage{english}ile de hem hemisferler aras\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}ndaki komiss\selectlanguage{ngerman}üral aksonlar hem
de ayn\selectlanguage{polish}ı \selectlanguage{english}hemisfer i\selectlanguage{ngerman}çerisindeki farkl\selectlanguage{polish}ı \selectlanguage{english}b\selectlanguage{ngerman}ölgelerin ba\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}lant\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}lar\selectlanguage{polish}ı \selectlanguage{english}g\selectlanguage{ngerman}üçlenir.
Böylelikle i\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}itmenin kortikal geli\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}imi tamamlan\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}r~\cite{12018354},
\cite{RN9}.~\\

Ge\selectlanguage{ngerman}ç çocukluk döneminde -özellikle 9 ya\selectlanguage{polish}ş- \selectlanguage{english}100 ms civar\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}nda \textbf{N1}
dalgas\selectlanguage{polish}ı \selectlanguage{english}ortaya \selectlanguage{ngerman}ç\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}kar. Baz\selectlanguage{polish}ı \selectlanguage{english}durumlarda daha d\selectlanguage{ngerman}ü\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{ngerman}ük uyar\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}m s\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}kl\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}k de\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}erleri
(1 saniye ve daha az ISI) ile 3-8 ya\selectlanguage{polish}ş \selectlanguage{english}aras\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}nda da bu yan\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}t elde
edilebilir. Bu yan\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}t\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}n korteksin daha alt tabakalar\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}ndan kaynak
almaktad\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}r; kortekste i\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}itsel yay\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}l\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}m\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}n bir g\selectlanguage{ngerman}östergesidir
\cite{Ponton_2000}. ~~\\

T\selectlanguage{ngerman}üm kortikal uyar\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}lm\selectlanguage{polish}ış \selectlanguage{english}potansiyeller i\selectlanguage{ngerman}çin genel bir bilgi ise latans\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}n
azalaca\selectlanguage{polish}ğı \selectlanguage{english}ve genli\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}in artaca\selectlanguage{polish}ğı\selectlanguage{english}d\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}r.~\\

\selectlanguage{polish}İ\selectlanguage{english}lerleyen ya\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}l\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}l\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}k d\selectlanguage{ngerman}öneminde ise i\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}itsel kortekste farkl\selectlanguage{polish}ı \selectlanguage{english}y\selectlanguage{ngerman}önde
de\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}i\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}imler meydana gelmeye ba\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}lar. \selectlanguage{polish}İ\selectlanguage{english}nsanlarda ya\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}lanma beraberinde
i\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}itme kayb\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}n\selectlanguage{polish}ı \selectlanguage{english}da getirir. \selectlanguage{ngerman}Özellikle 70 ya\selectlanguage{polish}ş \selectlanguage{english}sonras\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}nda belirginle\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}en bu
i\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}itme kayb\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}na presbiakuzi ismi verilir. \selectlanguage{ngerman}Örne\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}in Birle\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}ik Krall\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}k'da 65
ya\selectlanguage{polish}şı\selectlanguage{english}n \selectlanguage{ngerman}üstündeki bireylerin \%60'\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}nda i\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}itme kayb\selectlanguage{polish}ı \selectlanguage{english}g\selectlanguage{ngerman}özlenmektedir
\cite{action2011facts}. Ya\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}lanma ile birlikte beyaz maddenin b\selectlanguage{ngerman}ütünlü\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{ngerman}ünde
azalmalar, gri madde hacminde azalma ve kortekste incelme meydana gelir.
Hem kortekste meydana gelen bu de\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}i\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}im hem de periferdeki de\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}i\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}imlerin
etkisiyle saf ses ortalamalar\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}nda oldu\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}u gibi bir tak\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}m kompleks
i\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}lemlerde de gerilemeler g\selectlanguage{ngerman}örülür. Gürültüde konu\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}may\selectlanguage{polish}ı \selectlanguage{english}anlama, zaman ve
\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}iddet ay\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}rt etme becerileri, frekans \selectlanguage{ngerman}çözünürlü\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{ngerman}ü ve binaural i\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}lemleme
bunlara baz\selectlanguage{polish}ı \selectlanguage{ngerman}örneklerdir \cite{Cardin_2016}.\\

Bu d\selectlanguage{ngerman}önemdeki kortikal gerileme ile ölçüm yan\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}tlar\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}n\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}n nas\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}l de\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}i\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}ece\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}i
ile tam bir fikir birli\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}i bulunmamaktad\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}r. N1 ve P2 genli\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}inin artt\selectlanguage{polish}ığı,
\selectlanguage{english}P2 latans\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}n\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}n da uzamaya ba\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}layaca\selectlanguage{polish}ğı\selectlanguage{english}~\cite{Pfefferbaum_1980},
\cite{Tremblay_2003}; P2 latans\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}n\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}n k\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}salaca\selectlanguage{polish}ğı \selectlanguage{english}\cite{RN10}, P2
latans\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}nda bir de\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}i\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}im olmayaca\selectlanguage{polish}ğı \selectlanguage{english}\cite{RN11}~Ancak ilgi \selectlanguage{ngerman}çekici
bir nokta McCullagh ve Shinn taraf\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}ndan 2013 y\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}l\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}nda g\selectlanguage{ngerman}österilmi\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}tir.
Ara\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}t\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}rmac\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}lar g\selectlanguage{ngerman}ürültü olmadan yap\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}lan de\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}erlendirmede ya\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}l\selectlanguage{polish}ı
\selectlanguage{english}yeti\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}kinlerin N1 ve P2 genliklerinin daha y\selectlanguage{ngerman}üksek oldu\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}unu; ancak g\selectlanguage{ngerman}ürültü
ile uyaran verildi\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}i zaman gen\selectlanguage{ngerman}ç yeti\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}kinlerde bir de\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}i\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}iklik olmad\selectlanguage{polish}ığı\selectlanguage{english}n\selectlanguage{polish}ı
\selectlanguage{english}ancak ya\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}l\selectlanguage{polish}ı \selectlanguage{english}yeti\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}kinlerde genliklerin azald\selectlanguage{polish}ığı\selectlanguage{english}n\selectlanguage{polish}ı
\selectlanguage{english}g\selectlanguage{ngerman}östermi\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}lerdir~\cite{McCullagh_2013}. \selectlanguage{polish}İş\selectlanguage{english}itsel kortekste meydana gelen
ya\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}l\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}l\selectlanguage{polish}ığ\selectlanguage{english}a ba\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}l\selectlanguage{polish}ı \selectlanguage{english}etkiler merkezi i\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}itsel i\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}lemleme de zorluklara yol
a\selectlanguage{ngerman}çmaktad\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}r.~\\

Ya\selectlanguage{polish}ş \selectlanguage{english}ile birlikte kortikal yan\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}tlarda meydana gelen bozulmalar i\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}itme
kayb\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}ndaki ile benzerdir. Ancak Harkrider ve ark. 2006 y\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}l\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}nda i\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}itsel
girdinin art\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}r\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}ld\selectlanguage{polish}ığı \selectlanguage{english}durumlarda i\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}itme kayb\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}n\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}n kortikal yan\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}tlar
\selectlanguage{ngerman}üzerindeki etkisinin devam etti\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}ini, ancak ya\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}l\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}l\selectlanguage{polish}ığ\selectlanguage{english}a ba\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}l\selectlanguage{polish}ı \selectlanguage{english}bozulmalar\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}n
d\selectlanguage{ngerman}üzeldi\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}ini g\selectlanguage{ngerman}östermi\selectlanguage{polish}ş\selectlanguage{english}lerdir~\cite{Harkrider_2009}.~\\

Literat\selectlanguage{ngerman}ürde bu konuda yap\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}lan \selectlanguage{ngerman}çal\selectlanguage{polish}ış\selectlanguage{english}malar aras\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}nda tam bir uygulama
birli\selectlanguage{polish}ğ\selectlanguage{english}i bulunmamaktad\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}r. \selectlanguage{ngerman}Özellikle ileri ya\selectlanguage{polish}ş \selectlanguage{english}grubunda yap\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}lan
\selectlanguage{ngerman}çal\selectlanguage{polish}ış\selectlanguage{english}malarda ortaya \selectlanguage{ngerman}ç\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}kan farkl\selectlanguage{polish}ı \selectlanguage{english}bulgular\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}n bu a\selectlanguage{ngerman}ç\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}dan g\selectlanguage{ngerman}öz önüne
al\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}nmas\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}nda fayda vard\selectlanguage{polish}ı\selectlanguage{english}r.~

\selectlanguage{english}
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