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\begin{document}

\title{Seasonal and storm event-based dynamics of dissolved organic carbon
(DOC) concentration in a Mediterranean headwater catchment}



\author[1]{Alfonso Senatore}%
\author[1]{Giuseppina Anna Corrente}%
\author[1]{Eugenio Licio Argento}%
\author[1]{Jessica Castagna}%
\author[2]{Massimo Micieli}%
\author[1]{GIUSEPPE MENDICINO}%
\author[1]{Amerigo Beneduci}%
\author[3]{Gianluca Botter}%
\affil[1]{University of Calabria}%
\affil[2]{University of Padua}%
\affil[3]{Universita' di Padova}%


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  \date{May 04, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
This study investigates the spatial and temporal dynamics of DOC
concentration in a Mediterranean headwater catchment (Turbolo River
catchment, southern Italy) equipped with two multi-parameter sondes
providing more than two-year (May 2019 to November 2021) continuous
high-frequency measurements of several DOC-related parameters. The
sondes were installed in two nested sections, a quasi-pristine upstream
sub-catchment and a downstream outlet with some anthropogenic
disturbances on water quality. DOC estimates were achieved by correcting
the fluorescent dissolved organic matter - fDOM - values through an
original procedure not requiring extensive laboratory measurements.
Then, DOC dynamics at the seasonal and storm event scales were analyzed.
At the seasonal scale, results confirmed the climate control on DOC
production, with increasing background concentrations in hot and dry
summer months. The hydrological regulation proved crucial for DOC
mobilization and export, with the top 10th percentile of discharge
associated with up to 79\% of the total DOC yield. The analysis at the
storm scale using flushing and hysteresis indices highlighted
substantial differences between the two catchments. In the steeper
upstream catchment, the limited capability of preserving hydraulic
connection in time with DOC sources determined the prevalence of
transport as the limiting factor to DOC export. Downstream, transport-
and source-limited processes were observed almost equally. The
correlation between the hysteretic behaviour and antecedent
precipitation was not linear since the process reverted to
transport-limited for high accumulated rainfall values. The study
demonstrated the importance of high-resolution measurements to explain
DOC dynamics at multiple time scales using a quantitative approach.%
\end{abstract}%



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